Collaborative Research: Animated Agents in Self-Administered Surveys
协作研究:自我管理调查中的动画代理
基本信息
- 批准号:0551300
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2005
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2005-10-01 至 2010-09-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project examines the impact of animated or conversational agent technology on web-based surveys. Animated agents are anthropomorphic software objects in the user interface that, in their most advanced implementations, produce gestures, display facial expressions, and move their eyes in coordination with their speech. They have been shown to improve user performance in some task domains (e.g. tutoring). When might this technology help or hurt survey data quality and respondents' satisfaction? How sophisticated must the agents be in order to provide benefit--or harm? In a web survey, an agent might motivate respondents to participate and complete the task, much like human interviewers do, and help respondents understand the survey questions as intended while allowing respondents to participate at their convenience, as in ordinary web surveys. On the other hand, the presence of an agent might discourage honest responding to questions about sensitive topics, much as human interviewers have been shown to do. In this project a series of laboratory experiments examine more and less human-like agents that ask questions about respondents' sensitive and non-sensitive behaviors. The studies contrast data quality and user satisfaction in non-agent web surveys to those with interface agents that vary in their dialogue capability, the degree to which they provide visual and spoken cues about their internal states, and the degree of intentionality in their speech. The agents are simulated with software that converts a video image of a live interviewer into an animation in real time; respondents thus believe they are interacting with a computer-generated agent even though there is actually a human behind the "agent." In the experiments about non-sensitive behaviors, respondents answer on the basis of fictional scenarios so that the accuracy of their answers can be determined. One possible outcome is that agents with greater dialogue capability will promote interactions that lead to more accurate understanding and thus more accurate answers. In the experiments about sensitive behaviors, respondents answer about their own lives; more reports of sensitive behaviors indicate greater respondent candor. One possible outcome is that agents with more movement (lips, eyes, and eyebrows) will lead respondents to feel less private and therefore to answer less candidly than with agents whose movement is limited. Respondents' satisfaction is measured with a post-interview questionnaire; the impact of different agent features on how respondents communicate with the survey system is measured by detailed turn-by-turn coding of all dialogue.The practical impact of this work will be more informed decisions by survey researchers in adopting agent technology. Knowing when agents help and what features help the most can focus decisions about what interfaces to develop and which ones not to develop. For example, if dialogue capability is more important to data quality and user satisfaction than other agent features, this could focus future development efforts on conversational competence of agents more than on visual realism. The theoretical impact of the proposed work will be in two areas. First, it will deepen our understanding of how verbal and non-verbal communication are interconnected, for example how verbal interaction is affected by the fidelity of the agents' facial display. Second, by comparing human-computer and human-human interaction the project will advance knowledge of how attributions of intentionality and human agency affect interaction more generally. This research is supported by the Methodology, Measurement, and Statistics Program and a consortium of federal statistical agencies as part of a joint activity to support research on survey and statistical methodology.
该项目研究动画或对话代理技术对网络调查的影响。 动画代理是用户界面中的拟人化软件对象,在最先进的实现中,它们会产生手势、显示面部表情并根据语音移动眼睛。 它们已被证明可以提高某些任务领域(例如辅导)中的用户表现。 这项技术何时会帮助或损害调查数据质量和受访者满意度? 为了提供利益或伤害,代理人必须有多复杂? 在网络调查中,代理可能会激励受访者参与并完成任务,就像人类访谈员所做的那样,并帮助受访者按预期理解调查问题,同时允许受访者在方便时参与,就像在普通网络调查中一样。 另一方面,代理人的存在可能会阻碍诚实地回答有关敏感话题的问题,就像人类采访者所做的那样。 在这个项目中,一系列实验室实验检查了或多或少的类人代理,询问受访者敏感和非敏感行为的问题。 这些研究将非智能体网络调查中的数据质量和用户满意度与界面智能体的调查进行了对比,界面智能体的对话能力、提供有关其内部状态的视觉和口头线索的程度以及言语中的意向性程度各不相同。 这些代理通过软件进行模拟,该软件将现场采访者的视频图像实时转换为动画;因此,受访者相信他们正在与计算机生成的代理进行交互,即使“代理”背后实际上有一个人。 在非敏感行为实验中,受访者根据虚构的场景进行回答,以确定其答案的准确性。 一种可能的结果是,具有更强对话能力的智能体将促进互动,从而获得更准确的理解,从而获得更准确的答案。 在有关敏感行为的实验中,受访者回答了自己的生活;对敏感行为的报告越多,表明受访者越坦诚。 一种可能的结果是,与运动受限的座席相比,动作较多(嘴唇、眼睛和眉毛)的座席会导致受访者感觉不太私密,因此回答不那么坦率。 通过访谈后调查问卷来衡量受访者的满意度;不同代理特征对受访者如何与调查系统沟通的影响是通过所有对话的详细逐轮编码来衡量的。这项工作的实际影响将是调查研究人员在采用代理技术时做出更明智的决策。 了解代理何时提供帮助以及哪些功能最有帮助可以集中决策要开发哪些界面和不开发哪些界面。 例如,如果对话能力对数据质量和用户满意度比其他代理功能更重要,那么未来的开发工作可能会更多地集中在代理的对话能力上,而不是视觉真实感上。 拟议工作的理论影响将体现在两个领域。 首先,它将加深我们对语言和非语言交流如何相互关联的理解,例如语言交互如何受到代理面部显示保真度的影响。 其次,通过比较人机交互和人机交互,该项目将增进人们对意向性和人类能动性的归因如何更广泛地影响交互的了解。 这项研究得到了方法、测量和统计计划以及联邦统计机构联盟的支持,作为支持调查和统计方法研究的联合活动的一部分。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Frederick Conrad其他文献
Frederick Conrad的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Frederick Conrad', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Video Communication Technologies in Survey Data Collection
合作研究:调查数据收集中的视频通信技术
- 批准号:
1825113 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Memory Bookmarking: An Approach to Improve Recall in Surveys
博士论文研究:记忆书签:提高调查回忆的方法
- 批准号:
1659776 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Responding to Surveys on Mobile Multimodal Devices
协作研究:响应移动多模式设备的调查
- 批准号:
1026225 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Nonresponse and Measurement Error in Mobile Phone Surveys
博士论文研究:手机调查中的无响应和测量误差
- 批准号:
0921142 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Acoustic Properties, Listener Perceptions, and Outcomes of Interactions between Survey Interviews and Sample Persons
合作研究:声学特性、听众感知以及调查访谈和样本人之间的互动结果
- 批准号:
0819734 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Envisioning the Survey Interview of the Future Workshop, University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research; Fall 2005
展望未来研讨会的调查采访,密歇根大学社会研究所;
- 批准号:
0454832 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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