Doctoral Dissertation Research: Memory Bookmarking: An Approach to Improve Recall in Surveys

博士论文研究：记忆书签：提高调查回忆的方法

• 批准号: 1659776
• 负责人: Frederick Conrad
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1659776&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Memory; Bookmarking

This research project will advance survey methods for time-use measurement. Social scientists widely use retrospective survey questions (questions about events that occurred in the past) to gather information about respondents' recent autobiographical events. Recall of even recent events is burdensome for respondents, however, and it often leads to uneven data quality due to recall error. This project will experimentally evaluate a new approach called Memory Bookmarking (MB) to address recall error in surveys. The MB approach collects information about respondents' experiences while they are underway. This information is later fed back to respondents as memory cues or bookmarks. Depending on the experimental condition, respondents will be asked to provide bookmarks about everyday events, in the form of text messages, photographs, or locations. The approach should not only improve memory for the cued events but also help respondents remember other events that are temporally adjacent and semantically related to the cued event -- much like an actual bookmark allows readers to see what is on the previous and next pages. The results of this project will advance current thinking about autobiographical memory, especially about the formats (verbal, visual, and spatial) in which people primarily represent the events of their lives. The project will use techniques from data science to analyze unstructured data and thus contribute to ongoing efforts to integrate data science techniques into survey methodology. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, support is provided to enable a promising student to establish a strong, independent research career.The MB approach will be evaluated in a factorial experiment in which respondents are asked to reconstruct the full sequence of events they have experienced over the prior forty-eight hours. MB respondents are "pinged" on their smartphone at designated times and asked to provide information via their smartphones about the event that is in progress at that moment. This information is then presented to the respondents as memory cues to help them reconstruct all their activities, not just the pinged events, during the prior forty-eight hours. Respondents' recall will be compared between the experimental conditions created by crossing the number of pings with the bookmark formats, and between the bookmark conditions and a no-bookmark control condition. The research will address the following questions: Does the MB approach lead to more accurate and complete recall than when no cues are provided? How effective are the three formats of memory cues (verbal, visual, and spatial) for different types of events? Will respondents reply to pings in a timely manner during the forty-eight hours, especially as the number of bookmarks increases?

该研究项目将推进时间使用测量的调查方法。 社会科学家广泛使用回顾性调查问题（有关过去发生的事件的问题）来收集有关受访者最近自传事件的信息。然而，对受访者的召回甚至最近的事件都是繁重的，由于召回错误，这通常会导致数据质量不均匀。该项目将通过实验评估一种称为内存书签（MB）的新方法，以解决调查中的召回错误。 MB方法收集有关受访者的经历的信息。此信息后来将其作为记忆提示或书签作为受访者。根据实验条件，将要求受访者以短信，照片或位置的形式提供有关日常事件的书签。该方法不仅应改善提示事件的内存，还应帮助受访者记住其他与提示事件相关的事件，与提示事件相关 - 就像实际的书签使读者可以看到上一页和下一页上的内容。该项目的结果将推动当前关于自传记忆的思考，尤其是关于人们主要代表其生活事件的格式（言语，视觉和空间）。该项目将使用数据科学的技术来分析非结构化数据，从而有助于将数据科学技术整合到调查方法中的持续努力。作为博士学位论文研究改进奖，提供了支持，以使有前途的学生能够建立强大的独立研究职业。MB方法将在一项阶乘实验中进行评估，该实验将要求受访者重建他们在48个小时以前经历的一系列事件。 MB受访者在指定时间在智能手机上被“ ping”，并要求通过其智能手机提供有关当时正在进行的活动的信息。然后将此信息作为记忆提示提供给受访者，以帮助他们在上一个48个小时内重建其所有活动，而不仅仅是ping事件。受访者的召回将通过将pings与书签格式跨越，书签条件与无书签的控制条件之间的实验条件进行比较。该研究将解决以下问题：MB方法是否比没有提示时更准确，更完整地召回？不同类型的事件的三种记忆提示格式（口头，视觉和空间）的有效性？ 受访者会在48个小时内及时回复ping，尤其是随着书签数量的增加？