CAREER: Multicomponent Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Precursors to Ordered Nanocomposites

职业：多组分核壳纳米粒子作为有序纳米复合材料的前体

• 批准号: 0449849
• 负责人: Hong Yang
• 金额: $ 52.49万
• 依托单位: University of Rochester
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0449849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Multicomponent; Core; Shell; Nanoparticles

This proposal focuses on the design, synthesis, and solid-state reaction of multicomponent core-shell nanoparticles and their applications as precursors for making ordered nanocomposites. The products are expected to have superior electronic, magnetic, and catalytic properties over their single-phase counterparts. A specific goal is to create ordered exchange-coupled magnetic nanocomposites from self-assembly of monodisperse core-shell nanoparticles. Such magnetic nanocomposites can have higher energy product than the single-phase materials. A series of multi-component nanoparticles containing materials of high magnetocrystalline anisotropy such as alloys of iron and platinum (FePt), cobalt and platinum (CoPt), and samarium and cobalt (SmCo5 ) will be synthesized through the sequential synthetic method. Polymeric coating on the surface of nanoparticles will be generated as an additional modulating layer using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The chemical stability of these nanoparticles can be improved upon the carbonization of polymeric layers, which can affect the properties of nanocomposites. This project will make contributions to the area of ultra-hard permanent magnets useful in high-power density and lightweight electric drives, efficient motors for aerospace and automobile applications, and ultrahigh density data storage media in microelectronic industry. Students will be trained on this project to use various cutting-edge research techniques. The principle investigator will work with the University administrations and local organizations, such as American Chemical Society, to recruit and prepare high school students, minorities, women and economically disadvantaged students in particular, to become a skilled work force in the interdisciplinary fields of nanotechnology. The advancement of nanotechnology relies heavily on our ability to create multifunctional and complex nanomaterials. To this end, precise control of element distribution in an ordered nanostructure is crucial. This research program focuses on the development of new approaches to the production of core-shell nanoparticles and nanocomposites with multiple components that interact with each other and subsequently lead to new properties which do not exist in single-component materials. These magnetically active novel nanomaterials can be expected to have potential applications in high-power density and lightweight electric drives, efficient motors for aerospace and automobile industries, ultrahigh density data-storage media in microelectronics, and biomedical imaging and hyperthermia cancer therapy in the health industry. The platinum-alloy nanomaterials developed in this program are potentially excellent electro-catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells, which hold promises for the generation of clean energy. Through this program, graduate and undergraduate students will be trained to become the future skilled work force equipped with the cutting-edge techniques and knowledge in nanotechnology. The outreach effort will focus on the establishment of a research site that will attract and prepare high school students in the Western New York area, and in particular minority, women and economically disadvantaged groups, to enter these highly competitive science and technology fields.

该提案重点关注多组分核壳纳米粒子的设计、合成和固态反应及其作为制造有序纳米复合材料的前体的应用。 与单相同类产品相比，这些产品预计具有更优异的电子、磁性和催化性能。 一个具体目标是通过单分散核壳纳米颗粒的自组装来创建有序交换耦合磁性纳米复合材料。 这种磁性纳米复合材料可以具有比单相材料更高的能积。 通过顺序合成方法，将合成一系列含有高磁晶各向异性材料的多组分纳米颗粒，例如铁铂合金（FePt）、钴铂合金（CoPt）、钐钴合金（SmCo5）。 使用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP），纳米颗粒表面的聚合物涂层将作为附加的调节层生成。 这些纳米颗粒的化学稳定性可以在聚合物层碳化时得到改善，这会影响纳米复合材料的性能。 该项目将为高功率密度和轻型电驱动器、航空航天和汽车应用的高效电机以及微电子行业超高密度数据存储介质等领域的超硬永磁体做出贡献。 学生将接受该项目的培训，以使用各种尖端研究技术。 首席研究员将与大学管理部门和美国化学会等当地组织合作，招募和培养高中生、少数族裔、女性和经济困难学生，特别是成为纳米技术跨学科领域的熟练劳动力。 纳米技术的进步在很大程度上依赖于我们创造多功能和复杂纳米材料的能力。 为此，精确控制有序纳米结构中的元素分布至关重要。 该研究项目的重点是开发生产核壳纳米颗粒和纳米复合材料的新方法，这些纳米复合材料具有多种组分，这些组分相互作用，从而产生单组分材料中不存在的新特性。 这些磁性活性新型纳米材料有望在高功率密度和轻型电力驱动器、航空航天和汽车工业的高效电机、微电子中的超高密度数据存储介质以及健康行业中的生物医学成像和热疗癌症治疗等方面具有潜在的应用。 。 该项目开发的铂合金纳米材料可能是氢燃料电池的优异电催化剂，有望产生清洁能源。 通过该计划，研究生和本科生将被培养成为未来拥有纳米技术尖端技术和知识的熟练劳动力。 外展工作将侧重于建立一个研究站点，吸引和准备纽约西部地区的高中生，特别是少数族裔、妇女和经济弱势群体，进入这些竞争激烈的科学技术领域。