Collaborative Research: Biotransformations Near and Above 100?C: Mining Genomes of Hyperthermophiles for New Biocatalysts

合作研究：接近和高于 100°C 的生物转化：挖掘超嗜热菌基因组以获取新的生物催化剂

• 批准号: 0317911
• 负责人: Michael Adams
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0317911&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Biotransformations; Near; Above

Biocatalyst discovery and characterization remains a key biotechnological objective. High throughput screening and directed evolution approaches have been developed over the last few years that enable such biocatalysts to be identified and then optimized with respect to their biochemical, biophysical and bioprocessing properties. However, current methods for discovery and optimization rely heavily on enzyme-based assays, which may be difficult or even infeasible to implement because of chemical limitations or gene expression issues. Moreover, multienzyme transformations are not easily identified by this approach since current methods focus on the products of individual genes. As a means of circumventing the limitations with current approaches, the objective of this research is to develop functional genomics-based discovery methods to identify novel biocatalysts. With the advent of high-throughput technologies to measure gene expression, cellular responses at the genetic level can be correlated to environmental conditions. This alternative approach to enzyme discovery takes advantage of highly sensitive, transcriptional.based cellular responses to biotechnologically-related environmental challenges and growth conditions. In this project period, extensive use will be made of DNA microarrays to identify the genes that encode new enzymes for a range of important biotransformations.

生物催化剂发现和表征仍然是关键的生物技术目标。在过去的几年中，已经开发出高通量筛选和定向进化方法，使这种生物催化剂能够被鉴定，然后相对于其生化，生物物理和生物处理特性进行了优化。但是，当前的发现和优化方法在很大程度上取决于基于酶的测定，由于化学限制或基因表达问题，这可能很难甚至是不可行的。此外，由于当前方法着重于单个基因的产物，因此这种方法不容易识别多酶转化。作为通过当前方法规避局限性的一种手段，这项研究的目的是开发基于功能基因组学的发现方法来识别新型的生物催化剂。随着高通量技术测量基因表达的出现，遗传水平的细胞反应可以与环境条件相关。这种酶发现的替代方法利用了对生物技术相关的环境挑战和生长条件的基于高度敏感的细胞反应。 在这个项目时期，将大量使用DNA微阵列，以识别编码新酶为一系列重要生物转化的基因。