Dissertation Research: La Elvira: A Paleoindian Site in Southwestern Columbia

论文研究：拉埃尔维拉：哥伦比亚西南部的古印第安人遗址

• 批准号: 9106939
• 负责人: David Browman
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-06-01 至 1993-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9106939&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; La; Elvira; Paleoindian

Under the guidance of Dr. David Browman, Mr. Cristobal Gnecco, a graduate student at Washington University will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. In 1985, an extensive archaeological site was discovered in the course of road and sewer construction in the Popayan Valley in southwestern Colombia. Preliminary analysis indicates that the stone tools are attributable to paleoindian hunters and gatherers and may date to approximately 11,000 years ago. With NSF support, Mr. Gnecco will return to the La Elvira site and conduct careful stratigraphic excavation. He will strip a large horizontal expanse both to recover additional cultural materials and to set the site into a clearer geological context. Distributional data thus collected will hopefully shed light on the spatial organization of activities. Both organic and obsidian materials will be dated by radiocarbon and hydration techniques respectively. Finally, Mr. Gnecco and his collaborators will attempt a paleoclimatic reconstruction of the site. A core will be obtained and pollen and plant macrofossils analyzed. Regional vegetation will be collected to provide a comparative base. Although archaeologists agree that the first people to enter the New World crossed from Asia via the Bering Land bridge into Alaska, it has been surprising to learn that some of the earliest known archaeological sites are located in South America. Just how and when the first peoples entered this part of the world is unknown. It is also surprising that while in North America these "paleoindian" peoples are associated with big game hunting in relatively open environments, in South America such appears not to be the case. The question of paleoindian prehistory in South America is complicated by the relative dearth of archaeological data. In this context, information recovered from the La Elvira site is extremely important. It is also interesting that this rich archaeological occurrence is located in a forested valley. This research is important for several reasons. It will help to fill a glaring archaeological gap and the data will be of great interest to a large number of prehistorians. The research should shed new light on the adaptations of early New World peoples and will help in the training of an extremely promising young scientist.

在戴维·布罗曼（David Browman）博士的指导下，华盛顿大学的研究生克里斯托瓦尔·•杰科（Cristobal Gnecco）将收集其博士学位论文数据。 1985年，在哥伦比亚西南部Popayan山谷的道路和下水道建设过程中发现了一个广泛的考古遗址。 初步分析表明，石材工具可归因于古印度人猎人和收集者，并且可能约为11，000年前。 在NSF的支持下，Gnecco先生将返回La Elvira站点，并进行仔细的地层发掘。 他将剥离大量的水平膨胀，以恢复其他文化材料，并将地点设置为更清晰的地质环境。 因此，收集的分配数据有望阐明活动的空间组织。 有机材料和黑曜石材料都将分别通过放射性碳和水合技术来定位。 最后，Gnecco先生和他的合作者将尝试对该网站进行古气候重建。 将获得一个核心，并分析了花粉和植物大化石。 将收集区域植被以提供比较基础。 尽管考古学家同意，第一个进入亚洲横渡的新世界通过白令陆桥进入阿拉斯加的人，但得知一些最早的已知考古遗址位于南美，这真是令人惊讶。 第一民族进入世界的这一部分是未知的。 令人惊讶的是，尽管在北美，这些“古印度人”人民与相对开放的环境中的大型游戏狩猎有关，但在南美，情况似乎并非如此。 古代数据的相对缺乏使古印度史前史的问题变得复杂。 在这种情况下，从La Elvira网站中恢复的信息非常重要。 有趣的是，这种丰富的考古事件位于森林山谷中。 这项研究很重要，原因有几个。 这将有助于填补明显的考古鸿沟，并且许多史前人的数据将引起人们的极大关注。 这项研究应该对新世界早期人民的适应有了新的启示，并将有助于培训一位非常有前途的年轻科学家。