Accounting for Hydrologic and Land-Atmospheric Functions of Man-Made Reservoirs across Canadian Regions

考虑加拿大各地区人造水库的水文和陆地-大气功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05470
• 负责人: Nazemi, Ali
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: Concordia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746396
• 关键词: Accounting; Hydrologic; Land; Atmospheric; Functions

Manmade reservoirs are key to water resource management in Canada and throughout the world, and are used for multiple purposes, ranging from hydropower production to water supply, flood protection and recreation. Despite major socio-economic benefits, massive environmental changes are associated with reservoir operation. Most importantly, significant regulative effects are associated with reservoirs' impoundment, which can severely perturb the streamflow regime and surface water storage in time and space. In addition, reservoirs alter the natural land cover to open water, and therefore, perturb the water and energy fluxes between the land and the atmosphere. This may further interact with local and regional climate, and lead to a new form of “anthropogenic climate change”, beyond the emission of Greenhouse Gases.Addressing the regulative and land-atmospheric effects of reservoirs requires representing their functions through generic mathematical algorithms and including them into the structure of large-scale models for impact assessment. Despite urgent need for improved quantitative understanding, current modeling and prediction capability is widely incomplete and is subject to large uncertainty. Most fundamentally, the land-atmospheric effects of reservoirs are wholly unaccounted. In addition, existing algorithms for representing the regulative effects of reservoirs have major limitations and result into considerable bias in simulating current and future effects of reservoirs. Such gaps necessitate major scientific developments towards improved representation of reservoir operation and their regulative and land-atmospheric effects at larger scales.This 5-years research program is proposed to put a major step towards improved assessment of current and future effects of reservoirs on water, energy and climate cycles. The short-term scope of this program is on developing improved models for assessing the regulative and land-atmospheric effects of Canadian reservoirs and has three objectives: (1) developing new algorithms for improved representation of regulative effects of reservoir operation; (2) developing coupled representations of regulative and land-atmospheric effects of reservoirs through the novel framework of Unified Reservoir Models, proposed in this program; and (3) assessing current and future effects of reservoir operation on local and basin-wide streamflow and land-atmospheric fluxes across a range of Canadian regions. Apart from providing a set of genetic modeling tools that can be used in other regions and globally, this program offers a first-hand understanding on current and future extents of hydrologic and land-atmospheric changes as a result of reservoir operation in Canada and can inform adaptation and mitigation efforts at local and catchment scales.

人造储层是水资源管理的关键，尽管有主要的社会经济贴工储层运营，但最重要的是，供水的多种用途，最重要的是，重要的是，储层与储层的蓄水池有关和空间。此外，储层会改变自然的土地覆盖物，以便在大气之间与当地和区域气候相互作用。尽管需要改进，当前的建模和预测，但储层要求的调节和大气效应代表了一般的数学算法和大型模型的结构。储层的大气效应是完全没有责任的，现有的算法来抑制储层的调节效应研究计划的支撑旨在使水库对水，能源和气候周期的当前和未来影响。 1）开发新算法，以改善储层操作的法律效应；宽阔的流量和大气通量跨越加拿大地区的Arange，从其他地区和全球范围内提供了一组遗传建模工具工具作为加拿大储层运营的结果，可以为地方和集水量表的适应和缓解范围提供信息。