Enhancing Maritime Industry Resilience and Sustainability by Development of Non-toxic Anti-Fouling Marine Coatings

通过开发无毒防污船舶涂料增强海事工业的弹性和可持续性

• 批准号: 570691-2021
• 负责人: Oakes, Ken
• 金额: $ 12.46万
• 依托单位: Cape Breton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=722850
• 关键词: Enhancing; Maritime; Industry; Resilience; Sustainability

Biofouling, the settlement and development of unwanted aquatic species, is a significant challenge for maritime industries including the transportation and aquaculture sectors. Marine fouling affects hull hydrodynamic resistance to reduce speed while increasing fuel consumption by as much as 20%. Biofouling also poses a significant economic barrier to fish production, contributing 5-10% of productions costs. Currently, much marine transportation and aquaculture biofouling is controlled with the use of highly effective copper or copper alloy-based compounds, but their effectiveness is due to non-specific toxicity of leaching copper ions, which may affect food safety. The proposed project will develop environmentally friendly anti-fouling treatments based on black titanium dioxide (bTiO2) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites with naturally sourced biomaterials, evaluate their efficacy to inhibit adhering film-forming microorganisms by the biomolecules' innate properties and the nanomaterials generation of electron holes and oxyradicals. Anti-biofouling efficiency will be measured by immersing substrates in seawater with nutrient augmentation to accelerate biofilm growth. Ecotoxicity of nanocomposite/biomaterial coatings and their uptake by filter feeders will be evaluated by tissue dissections and staining with elimination assessed through collection of oyster and mussel feces/pseudofeces. Combining visible light-exploiting bTiO2 nanomaterials which generate reactive oxygen species underwater in low-light conditions (where UV is rapidly scattered with depth) with natural biomaterials that passively inhibit biofilm formation may produce surface coatings rivalling effectiveness of legacy and current metal-based antifouling strategies. Regulators cannot ban copper-based anti-fouling treatments in the absence of a viable commercial replacement as aquaculture is an increasingly important source of protein, and fouling is the chief logistical and economic challenge facing aquaculture. Commercialization of such products will foster a vital competitive edge for Canadian aquaculture in the international marketplace, while improving ecosystem and human health in Canada.

生物污染是不需要的水生物种的定居和开发，对于包括运输和水产养殖部门在内的海事行业是一个重大挑战。海洋结垢会影响船体的流体动力耐药性，以降低速度，同时增加燃料消耗多达20％。生物污染还为鱼类生产带来了重大的经济障碍，占了5-10％的生产成本。当前，许多海洋运输和水产养殖生物污染是通过使用高效的铜或基于铜合金的化合物来控制的，但是它们的有效性是由于浸出铜离子的非特异性毒性，这可能会影响食品安全。拟议的项目将基于黑钛二氧化钛（BTIO2）开发环保的抗污染处理，并使用自然来源的生物材料进行分层的双氢氧化物（LDH）复合材料，评估其抑制膜形成微生物的粘附膜的效果，并通过生物构造的载体和纳米构造的nineyrad anderrad and n nanementials和Nanementials and Nanementials and Nanementials。 通过将底物浸入海水中，以养分增强以加速生物膜生长，可以测量抗双重效率。 纳米复合材料/生物材料涂料及其滤滤器的摄取的生态毒性将通过组织解剖和通过收集牡蛎和贻贝粪便/伪造评估的消除来评估。 将可见的光探索BTIO2纳米材料结合在一起，在低光条件下（紫外线迅速散布着深度）与天然生物材料在弱光条件下产生活性氧，从而被动地抑制生物膜形成可能会产生表面涂层，这可能会产生表面涂层的竞争力和基于金属基于金属的抗燃料策略。在没有可行的商业替代品的情况下，监管机构不能禁止基于铜的反污染治疗，因为水产养殖是蛋白质的越来越重要的来源，而污染是水产养殖面临的主要后勤和经济挑战。这种产品的商业化将促进国际市场上加拿大水产养殖的重要竞争优势，同时改善加拿大的生态系统和人类健康。