Fabrication of visible light-excited photocatalytic TiO2 nanocomposite membranes for removal of organic pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms

可见光激发光催化TiO2纳米复合膜的制备用于去除有机污染物和病原微生物

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-03793
• 负责人: Oakes, Ken
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Cape Breton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=661093
• 关键词: Fabrication; visible; light; excited; photocatalytic

While most Canadians enjoy access to treated water, many First Nations and other remote and rural communities still face challenges with accessing clean drinking water. Frequently, such waters are contaminated with agrichemicals and sewage, providing a nutrient-rich medium for the growth of microorganisms posing a huge risk to human health. Development of cost-effective water treatment devices deployable off the electrical grid would, in light of water treatment needs globally, be highly desirable. Membrane technologies have been extensively ultilized in drinking water treatment; however, biofouling and high operating costs remain significant barriers for implementation. TiO2 nanocomposite membranes augmented with a variety of metallic and non-metallic materials can broaden the spectrum of visible light harnessed to drive photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms; such a system will be a simple but cost-effective means of treating water. ******Currently, there are two strategies for synthesis of visible light-excited TiO2 nanomaterials. The first is to couple TiO2 to other visible light sensitized nanomaterials such as CdS NPs, noble metal nanoparticles (i.e. AgNPs and AuNPs), and dye molecules, to narrow their band gap; however, all published work has been for TiO2 nanoparticles, with no work completed with TiO2 nanowires. These nanowire membranes demonstrated distinct advantages over traditional TiO2 NP approaches, where additional energy is consumed in recycling the nanoparticles, which due to post-treatment removal constraints, may themselves contaminate the final treated water. Another strategy is doping with metallic (Fe, Mo, Ru, Os, Re, V, and Rh) or non-metallic elements (C, S, N, I) during the synthesis of TiO2 nanowires, but the efficiency of this approach is yet to be proven. For the removal of environmental contaminants or pathogenic microorganisms, only initial forays were taken to evaluate anti-microbial and anti-viral attenuation with UV light.******We expect to develop an efficient and effective "green" clean technology (based on doped TiO2 NWs and TiO2 composites with gold and silver nanowires, carbon nanomaterials, LDH) using solar light as the energy source. We further propose the development of an integrated water treatment device, suitable for single family use, in both urban and remote low-resource areas. To date, our group has considerable experience fabricating and evaluating the efficacy of TiO2 membranes towards the degradation of organic contaminants under UV. In addition, a mechanistic study on TiO2 NPs interaction with biomolecules (such as DNA) has been performed, providing new insight into how TiO2 interacts with bio-systems. This knowledge can be transferred to fabricate DNA-TiO2 nanomembranes for pollutant concentration and removal. *****************

虽然大多数加拿大人都喜欢使用经过处理的水，但许多原住民和其他偏远和农村社区仍然面临着清洁饮用水的挑战。通常，这种水被农业化学物质和污水污染，为微生物的生长提供了一种富含营养的媒介，对人类健康带来了巨大的风险。鉴于全球水处理需求，可以在电网上部署的具有成本效益的水处理设备的开发是非常可取的。膜技术已在饮用水处理中广泛使用。但是，生物污染和高运营成本仍然是实施的重大障碍。用多种金属和非金属材料增强的TiO2纳米复合膜可以扩大有机污染物和致病微生物的光催化降解的可见光光谱；这样的系统将是一种简单但具有成本效益的处理水方法。 ******目前，有两种策略用于合成可见光的TiO2纳米材料。首先是将TiO2与其他可见光敏感的纳米材料（例如CDS NP，贵金属纳米颗粒（即Agnps和Aunps）和染料分子）和染料分子进行缩小；但是，所有已发表的工作都是针对TiO2纳米颗粒，没有用Tio2纳米线完成的工作。这些纳米线膜与传统TIO2 NP方法相比具有明显的优势，在回收纳米颗粒时，由于治疗后去除限制，额外的能量本身可能污染了最终处理的水。另一个策略是在合成TIO2纳米线的过程中与金属（Fe，Mo，Ru，Os，re，V和Rh）或非金属元素（C，S，N，I）掺杂，但是这种方法的效率尚未得到证明。为了清除环境污染物或致病性微生物，仅采取初步尝试来评估抗微生物和抗病毒衰减，并用紫外线光。能源。我们进一步建议在城市和偏远的低资源地区开发适合单一家庭使用的集成水处理设备。迄今为止，我们的小组具有捏造和评估TIO2膜对紫外线下有机污染物降解的功效的丰富经验。此外，已经对TiO2 NPS与生物分子（例如DNA）相互作用的机械研究进行了研究，从而提供了有关TiO2如何与生物系统相互作用的新见解。 可以将这些知识转移到制造DNA-TIO2纳米膜，以实现污染物浓度和去除。 *****************