Resiliency Framework for Seismic Risk Assessment and Management of Buildings

建筑物地震风险评估和管理的防灾框架

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05013
• 负责人: Tesfamariam, Solomon
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666670
• 关键词: Resiliency; Framework; Seismic; Risk; Assessment

The Insurance Bureau of Canada (IBC) estimation of earthquake induced damage to core public infrastructure (CPI) in western (British Columbia) and eastern (Ottawa-Montreal-Quebec City corridor) is in the order of $60-$75 billion. The IBC's report further highlighted that with the incorporation of resiliency, the damage can significantly be reduced. Seismic resiliency of a system has been associated with reducing chances, absorbing and recovering quickly after a shock. CPI, including roads, bridges, transit, and water and wastewater systems, are essential to ensure health, safety, economic security and overall quality of life in Canada. The long term objective of this research program is to develop a resiliency framework for Canada's CPI. The framework will incorporate the failure of each CPI and also dependencies and cascading effects. Furthermore, the framework will incorporate multiple shocks, e.g. mainshock-aftershock earthquakes.**In this proposal, the resiliency framework is applied for different Canadian building types, with focus on reducing impact of an earthquake and improving the recovery by quantifying the downtown in the consequence of failure. To achieve this objective, the research goals are categorized into the following three themes:**Theme A) Develop building vulnerability assessment and robustness index framework for existing buildings by accounting for different uncertainties and building irregularities (Projects A1 and A2). Based on the level of information available a building vulnerability assessment guidelines that incorporate model selection and analysis technique will be developed. Finally, a new Canadian Building Code Effectiveness Grading protocol will be developed and applied to over 600 Canadian cities (as provided in the building code). **Theme B) Develop an integrated retrofit optimization and selection framework. This framework will enable the decision makers to carry out scenario analysis for different retrofit alternatives and select the desired retrofitting technique (projects B1, B2 and B3). The retrofit resource allocation and optimization will be undertaken at two different resolutions (city and building levels) and involve simulations for different hazard levels. In this research, a derivative-free approach that guarantee of optimality will be used. The challenge of decision making is further compounded due to the uncertainties associated with hazard assessment and knowledge of the decision making process for specific alternatives.**Theme C) Develop a framework that will quantify both structural and non-structural failures within the risk assessment and management framework. This framework will account for the likelihood of failure through fault-tree and consequence of failure through event-tree analyses. This is denoted as a bow-tie diagram in the risk literature. Thus, the building vulnerability tool from Theme A and retrofitting assessment framework from Theme B will be integrated into this bow-tie diagram. Downtime will be quantified as one of the consequence of failure that addresses the recover quickly component of the resiliency framework (project C1).**This research will lead to an advanced understanding of seismic risk assessment and significantly better management of civil infrastructure systems. The knowledge and understanding gained from this critical research will directly improve the risk assessment and management of existing buildings. This will have significant impact on Canadian society by improving the resiliency of our civil infrastructure systems.

加拿大保险局 (IBC) 估计，地震对西部（不列颠哥伦比亚省）和东部（渥太华-蒙特利尔-魁北克城市走廊）核心公共基础设施 (CPI) 造成的损失约为 60-750 亿加元。 IBC 的报告进一步强调，通过结合弹性，可以显着减少损害。系统的抗震能力与减少地震发生的可能性、吸收冲击后快速恢复有关。 CPI，包括道路、桥梁、交通以及供水和废水处理系统，对于确保加拿大的健康、安全、经济保障和整体生活质量至关重要。该研究计划的长期目标是为加拿大的消费物价指数制定弹性框架。该框架将包含每个 CPI 的失败以及依赖性和级联效应。此外，该框架将包含多种冲击，例如主震-余震。**在该提案中，弹性框架适用于加拿大不同的建筑类型，重点是减少地震的影响，并通过量化市中心的故障后果来提高恢复能力。为了实现这一目标，研究目标分为以下三个主题：**主题A）通过考虑不同的不确定性和建筑不规则性，制定现有建筑的脆弱性评估和稳健性指数框架（项目A1和A2）。根据现有信息水平，将制定包含模型选择和分析技术的建筑脆弱性评估指南。最后，将制定新的加拿大建筑规范有效性分级协议，并将其应用于 600 多个加拿大城市（如建筑规范中规定）。 **主题 B) 开发集成的改造优化和选择框架。该框架将使决策者能够对不同的改造方案进行情景分析，并选择所需的改造技术（项目 B1、B2 和 B3）。改造资源分配和优化将在两种不同的分辨率（城市和建筑级别）下进行，并涉及不同危险级别的模拟。在本研究中，将使用保证最优性的无导数方法。由于与危害评估相关的不确定性以及对特定替代方案的决策过程的了解，决策的挑战变得更加复杂。**主题 C) 开发一个框架，在风险评估和评估中量化结构性和非结构性故障。管理框架。该框架将通过故障树解释故障的可能性，并通过事件树分析解释故障的后果。这在风险文献中被表示为领结图。因此，主题 A 的构建脆弱性工具和主题 B 的改造评估框架将被集成到这个领结图中。停机时间将被量化为解决弹性框架（项目 C1）的快速恢复部分的故障后果之一。**这项研究将带来对地震风险评估的深入理解，并显着更好地管理民用基础设施系统。从这项关键研究中获得的知识和理解将直接改善现有建筑的风险评估和管理。这将通过提高我们的民用基础设施系统的弹性来对加拿大社会产生重大影响。