Applicability and scalability of a sustainable re-construction framework for seismic-prone heritage areas of Gujarat, India.

印度古吉拉特邦地震多发遗产地区可持续重建框架的适用性和可扩展性。

• 批准号: AH/X006832/2
• 负责人: Bernadette Devilat
• 金额: $ 9.15万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX006832%2F2
• 关键词: Applicability; scalability; sustainable; re; construction

In this follow-on, we will extend our findings and make them tangible and relevant to the community, local authorities and stakeholders, raising awareness and supporting earthquake preparedness using the methodology developed in the initial research project. We will study its applicability and scalability in Gujarat, India, by developing pilot activities and outputs for Bela, based on data already obtained, as a framework that can serve for implementation in similar cases beyond this project.Vernacular housing in heritage settlements is liable to deterioration, damage and destruction due to disasters and human-induced hazards. Inhabitants mainly build this non-monumental heritage as an affordable response to local climatic, environmental conditions based on traditional modes of living and building. If located in seismic areas, it is at greater risk due to the recurrent and destructive threat of earthquakes. But responses are usually activated afterwards, lacking mitigation strategies to diminish destruction.The most common post-earthquake approach is to build anew yet the most sustainable is to reuse, considering building's embedded energy and heritage significance. However, in mid and low-income heritage areas, documentation for a culturally-sensitive recovery and preparedness is usually absent, repairs are costly and slow, and large numbers of affected constructions hinder damage assessment. To tackle this, we exploit advanced documentation technologies aiming towards a new approach to re-construction: a culture of repair, reuse, adaptation and risk mitigation.In previous phases of this project, we combined 3D laser scanning, drone capture, photography and social surveys (interviews) to develop a sustainable re-construction methodology for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Kutch (Gujarat, India). It could improve the chances of a rapid and effective response in case of an earthquake, enhance the possibilities of reusing existing structures, and increase preparedness and resilience in local communities, by defining four strategic guidelines: 1 Immediate post-earthquake action: data obtained to inform damage assessment and planning at two different scales (village - individual buildings)2 Mid and long term study: evaluation of previous earthquake responses, risk assessment and mitigation (preparedness)3 Community engagement and participation: critical for local validation, support and knowledge incorporation. Communities' heritage valuation and conservation: bottom-up perspective to empower a local agency. 4 Applicability via institutional partnerships: overarching structure linking Academia, local NGOs and Governmental Institutions to support the methodology implementation with specific technical skills and local capacity-building. After the 2001 earthquake, which had a magnitude of 7.7 Mw scale an owner-driven approach, financially supported by the government and technically supported by local authorities and NGOs was implemented to repair buildings. However, the quality of the result was not always adequate for the specific type of construction, poorly or incompletely executed. These processes could be enhanced and scaled up to reach more families if the proposed methodology is implemented. Advances have been made concerning engagement with governmental institutions and reaching local authorities. However, the gap that needs further study and will be addressed in this project is regarding impact and applicability. Based on the methodology developed, we will create impact at three levels: 1) Institutional: via developing a disaster risk management plan and post-earthquake actions with local authorities; 2) Tangible: via developing and applying an example repair solution; 3) Academic: via technical support, publications and presentations. This will be done in collaboration with our project partners in India, in which each institution will play a specific leading role for each level.

在此后续过程中，我们将扩展我们的发现，并使它们与社区，地方当局和利益相关者有形且相关，从而提高意识并使用初始研究项目中开发的方法来提高地震的准备。我们将根据已经获得的数据开发针对BELA的试验活动和输出来研究其在印度古吉拉特邦的适用性和可伸缩性，作为一个框架，可以在此项目以外的类似情况下用于实施。遗产定居点中的通道住房承担损害，灾难和人类诱发的危险性的遗产和破坏。居民主要是建立这种非数量的遗产，是基于传统的生活和建筑方式对当地气候，环境条件的负担得起的反应。如果位于地震地区，则由于地震的复发和破坏性威胁，其风险更大。但是通常会激活反应，缺乏减轻破坏的缓解策略。考虑到建筑物的嵌入能量和遗产意义，最常见的地球后方法是重新建立，但最可持续的方法是重新使用。但是，在中和低收入遗产区域，通常没有对文化敏感的恢复和准备的文档，维修是昂贵且缓慢的，并且大量受影响的结构阻碍了损害评估。为了解决这个问题，我们利用了旨在采用新方法进行重建方法的先进文档技术：一种维修，重用，适应和降低风险的文化。在该项目的先前阶段，我们结合了3D激光扫描，无人机捕获，摄影和社会调查（摄影和访谈），以开发可持续的重建方法，以开发苏式的工具，以供武器定居（GUING），以下设置工具（GUING）。它可以通过定义四个战略指南：1立即对两种不同规模的损害评估和计划（乡村 - 个人建筑）的损害评估（村庄 - 个人的危险）（评估）（村庄 - 个人的危险）（评估）（村庄 - 个人的危险）（评估）（村庄 - 个人建筑物），从而提高了地震发生地震的快速有效反应的机会，增强重复现有结构的可能性，增强现有结构的可能性，增强当地社区的准备和弹性。社区参与和参与：对于地方验证，支持和知识融合至关重要。社区的遗产估值和保护：自下而上的观点，以增强当地机构的能力。 4通过机构合作伙伴关系的适用性：将学术界，当地非政府组织和政府机构联系起来的总体结构，以通过特定的技术技能和本地能力建设来支持实施方法。在2001年的地震（7.7兆瓦规模）之后，由政府在财务上提供了以所有者为主的方法，并在技术上得到了地方当局的支持，并在地方当局和非政府组织的技术支持下进行了维修。但是，结果的质量对于特定类型的构造类型并不总是足够的，该类型的构造效果不佳或不完全执行。如果实施了提出的方法，可以增强这些过程并扩展到更多家庭。关于与政府机构的交往并到达地方当局方面已经取得了进步。但是，需要进一步研究的差距并将在该项目中解决的差距是关于影响和适用性的。基于开发的方法，我们将在三个层面上产生影响：1）制度：通过与地方当局制定灾难风险管理计划和地球后行动； 2）有形：通过开发和应用示例维修解决方案； 3）学术：通过技术支持，出版物和演讲。这将与我们在印度的项目合作伙伴合作完成，在该伙伴中，每个机构将在每个层面中发挥特定的领导作用。