Integrated water management systems for sustainable use of agricultural lands and water

可持续利用农田和水的综合水管理系统

• 批准号: 105564-2011
• 负责人: SriRanjan, Ramanathan
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569082
• 关键词: Integrated; water; management; systems; sustainable

The expansion of intensive agricultural production requires the use of adequate irrigation, drainage, and agricultural chemicals. The consequence of high fertilizer application is the increased potential to pollute the streams, rivers, and lakes via poor quality drainage return flows. Irrigated potato production is expanding in Southern Manitoba in areas where salinization from poor quality groundwater has been a major problem. Proper water management through well-designed irrigation and drainage systems can minimize the salinization problems. One of the strategies to mitigate salinization is to use excess irrigation water to wash the salts below the root zone and remove this excess water by a drainage system. If the drainage return flows are directed to engineered-wetlands, the pollutants could be removed by vegetation. This will allow the water to be re-used for irrigation during dry periods and thus eliminate the pollution of rivers and lakes. The operation of drainage/subirrigation system will be investigated and the drainage return flow will be directed to properly designed engineered-wetlands and the changes in water quality will be assessed. The long term objective of the proposed research program is to develop integrated water management systems that will allow expansion of intensive high-value crop production while protecting the land and water from pollution. Field experiments will be conducted in a strip-plot design with overhead irrigation with drainage, subirrigation/drainage, overhead irrigation without drainage, and no irrigation and no drainage as treatments. The soil root zone will be fully instrumented to monitor the water and salt movement. The drainage return flows will be directed into different engineered-wetlands where the salts and nutrients will be taken up by different types of halophytic plants that can grow in saline environments. Biomass will be periodically harvested to remove the salt load from the engineered-wetlands to determine the salt removal efficiency of different halophytic plants. The results from these experiments will make irrigation/drainage more sustainable.

强化农业生产的扩展需要使用适当的灌溉，排水和农业化学品。高肥料施用的结果是通过质量排水不良的流量污染溪流，河流和湖泊的潜力增加。在曼尼托巴省南部，灌溉马铃薯的生产正在扩大，那里的质量较差的地下水是一个主要问题的地区。通过精心设计的灌溉和排水系统进行适当的水管理可以最大程度地减少盐分问题。减轻盐水的策略之一是使用多余的灌溉水洗涤根部区域下方的盐，并通过排水系统去除多余的水。如果将排水返回流转向工程韦特兰，则可以通过植被去除污染物。这将使水在干燥时期重新使用进行灌溉，从而消除河流和湖泊的污染。 将研究排水/亚灌溉系统的运行，并将排水返回流动到正确设计的工程韦特兰，并评估水质的变化。拟议的研究计划的长期目标是开发集成的水管理系统，以允许扩大密集的高价值作物生产，同时保护土地和水免受污染。 现场实验将以带有排水，亚灌溉/排水的高架灌溉，架空灌溉而无需排水，没有灌溉，也没有排水作为处理的露天图设计。土壤根部区域将被充分仪器，以监测水和盐的运动。排水返回流将被引导到不同的工程韦特兰，在那里可以在盐水环境中生长的不同类型的盐生植物来吸收盐和养分。生物量将定期收获，以从工程韦特兰（工程韦特兰）中去除盐负荷，以确定不同盐生植物的盐去除效率。 这些实验的结果将使灌溉/排水更加可持续。