Phosphorus transformation and transport from fertilizers and manures

化肥和粪肥中磷的转化和运输

• 批准号: 239295-2010
• 负责人: Akinremi, OlalekanOluwole
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=455213
• 关键词: Phosphorus; transformation; transport; fertilizers; manures

Lake Winnipeg is the 10th largest body of freshwater and the third largest reservoir of hydroelectric in the world. However, its health is currently threatened by excess nutrient loading particularly phosphorus (P). There is an urgent need to better understand the nature of phosphorus and how it is transformed in Manitoba soils to aid in developing practices that effectively reduce the movement of P from soil to surface waters. My research program investigates the transport and transformation of P in soil following additions of fertilizers and manures. I have proposed a series of studies on both fertilizer and manure P that will address some of the environmental and agronomic challenges of managing P in Manitoba. In the area of agronomy, the long-term objective of my studies is to significantly increase the efficiency of fertilizer P uptake by the crop. To achieve this objective, I will conduct studies to quantify and identify P minerals that are formed when non-phosphate salts are added to P fertilizer in dual bands. This information will help us to find the right formula for improving the fertilizer use efficiency of P by the crop. An increase in P fertilizer use efficiency will provide economic and environmental benefits to Canadian farmers through reduced input cost and reduced residual soil P. In the area of environment, the goal is to reduce P loading to the soil by examining the use of technologies such as phytase enzyme, highly available P grains (e.g. HAP Barley) and solid-liquid separation on manure and their effects on the forms of manure P and its solubility in the soil. This will ensure that management options for reducing manure P levels do not lead to the environmental problem of increased P solubility. I will collaborate with engineers on solid-liquid separation and its potential to reduce P loading to the soil. Results from this study will assist us develop commercial-scale system for effective removal of solids and P from swine manure. If the P rich solids can the separated then the liquid can be used near swine barns to provide nitrogen and the P-rich solid can be transported further away to serve as P source to crop elsewhere. This will address the issue of excessive P loading in the vicinity of hog barns and in regions with high animal density.

温尼伯湖是世界第十大淡水，也是世界上第三大水电站。但是，目前，其健康受到过多的营养负荷尤其是磷（P）的威胁。迫切需要更好地了解磷的性质以及如何在曼尼托巴省土壤中转化，以帮助开发有效减少P从土壤到地表水的运动的实践。我的研究计划调查了在添加肥料和肥料后，在土壤中P的运输和转化。我提出了一系列关于肥料和肥料P的研究，这些研究将解决在曼尼托巴省管理P的某些环境和农艺挑战。在农艺领域，我的研究的长期目标是显着提高农作物的肥料效率。为了实现这一目标，我将进行研究，以量化和识别当在双带中添加非磷酸盐盐时形成的P矿物质。这些信息将帮助我们找到合适的公式，以提高作物的肥料使用效率。 P肥料使用效率的提高将通过降低投入成本和剩余的土壤为加拿大农民提供经济和环境福利。在环境领域，目标是通过检查植物酶（例如植物酶酶）的使用（例如，高度可用的P GREN，HAKP BARLEY（例如Hakp Barley）和固定性效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应及其效应，并在土壤中减少P负载。这将确保减少肥料P水平的管理选择不会导致P溶解度增加的环境问题。我将与工程师进行固定液体分离及其减少P负载到土壤的潜力。这项研究的结果将有助于我们开发商业规模的系统，以有效去除固体和猪粪中的P。如果富含P的固体可以分离，则可以在猪谷仓附近使用液体以提供氮，并且可以将富含P的固体运输到更远的地方，以作为其他地方作物的P来源。这将解决猪谷仓附近和动物密度高的区域中P载过多的问题。