Optimizing the effectiveness of a novel urease inhibitor to reduce ammonia volatilization losses from urea, and increase nitrogen uptake and crop yield

优化新型脲酶抑制剂的有效性，以减少尿素中氨的挥发损失，并增加氮素吸收和作物产量

• 批准号: 497302-2016
• 负责人: Akinremi, OlalekanOluwole
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=605534
• 关键词: Optimizing; effectiveness; novel; urease; inhibitor

The overall objective of this study is to reduce ammonia volatilization losses from urea-based nitrogen (N) fertilizers by optimizing the effectiveness of a novel urease inhibitor. Active Agriproducts (AAP) is in the process of developing a novel urease inhibitor (ARM-U) taking into consideration some of the weaknesses of existing products. The company has evaluated the efficacy of ARM-U to reduce ammonia volatilization from urea-based fertilizers in the greenhouse. The results showed that 24% of the applied N in the urea and 5% of the applied N in UAN (28-0-0) was lost as ammonia 7 days after application, while less than 1% N was lost in the urea and UAN treated with ARM-U. This preliminary study showed that ARM-U was as effective as two commercial urease inhibitors in reducing ammonia volatilization from urea-based fertilizers. The company aims to improve the product by reducing the content of its active ingredient, NBPT, while enhancing the efficacy of NBPT. To achieve this, field scale studies comparing the effectiveness of different rates of ARM-U in preventing ammonia volatilization from urea are needed. We also do not know if the decrease in ammonia volatilization will translate into increased N uptake and increased crop yield. The experimental technique to be used is the open static cylindrical chambers method fitted with acid soaked foam discs. This will be used to trap ammonia gas emission on plots seeded to wheat to which urea has been applied with varying rates of urease inhibitor. Short term objectives of this study include: 1) Determine the optimal rate of ARM-U that strikes a balance between its efficacy in reducing volatilization losses and minimizing its NBPT content. 2)

这项研究的总体目的是通过优化新型尿素抑制剂的有效性来减少基于尿素的氮（N）肥料的氨挥发损失。活跃的农业生产（AAP）正在考虑现有产品的某些弱点的过程中开发新型的尿素抑制剂（ARM-U）。该公司评估了ARM-U在温室中基于尿素的肥料中减少氨挥发的功效。结果表明，尿素中24％的施加N和UAN中5％的N（28-0-0）施加的N丢失了氨（28-0-0），而在施用后7天，氨气丢失，而在尿素中却少于1％N UAN用ARM-U处理。这项初步研究表明，ARM-U在减少基于尿素的肥料的氨挥发时与两个商业尿素抑制剂一样有效。该公司旨在通过减少其活性成分NBPT的内容，同时提高NBPT的功效来改善产品。为了实现这一目标，需要比较不同ARM-U速率在防止尿素挥发氨的有效性的现场量表研究。我们也不知道氨挥发的减少是否会转化为氮的摄取和农作物产量的增加。要使用的实验技术是装有酸浸泡泡沫盘的开放式静态圆柱室法。这将用于将尿素与尿素酶抑制剂变化的尿素施加到小麦的地块上捕获氨气发射。这项研究的短期目标包括：1）确定ARM-U的最佳速率，该速率达到了其在减少挥发性损失和最小化其NBPT含量的功效之间达到平衡。 2）