(PQA3) Smartphone delivered attentional bias modification training for smokers

(PQA3) 智能手机为吸烟者提供注意力偏差修正培训

• 批准号: 9107827
• 负责人: Jason D Robinson
• 金额: $ 37.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9107827
• 关键词: Address; Alcohols; Anxiety; Attention; Carbon Monoxide; Cellular Phone; Cigarette; Clinical Trials; Color; Computers; Counseling; Cues; Disease; Electroencephalography; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Future; Health; Home environment; Intervention; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Methodology; Modality; Modification; Names; Neuraxis; Nicotine Dependence; Participant; Process; Publishing; Reaction Time; Relapse; Resolution; Rewards; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Stimulus; Techniques; Time; Training; Withholding Treatment; attentional bias; conditioning; cost; craving; experience; falls; innovation; laboratory experience; neurobiological mechanism; nicotine replacement; novel; smoking cessation; success; temporal measurement

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): More than 70% of smokers who receive first-line therapies relapse within 6 months. Thus, alternative and complementary smoking-cessation therapies are needed. Given its success in treating anxiety and alcohol disorders, Attentional bias modification (ABM), a computer-delivered intervention, has been proposed to treat nicotine dependence. ABM reduces the attentional bias (AB) towards smoking cues that develops over time as a result of conditioning processes through which smoking cues become strongly motivationally salient. ABM with smokers has been attempted, but with limited success. We have identified three weaknesses with the smoking ABM approaches to date: (1) Existing smoking ABM studies have relied on only a single laboratory training session, falling short of a realistic and generalizable assessment of the technique's potential to influence neurobiological mechanisms associated with AB and smoking behavior; (2) No published smoking ABM study has evaluated the generalizability of ABM to AB experienced in multiple environments, to AB across multiple modalities, and to alter AB in the long-term; (3) No previous study has examined the potential additive benefits of ABM on first-line smoking cessation therapy. The objective of this application is to determine the feasibility of smartphone-delivered, in-home ABM to reduce AB to smoking cues and to modify smoking behavior in the short- and long-term. Participants will be 250 treatment-seeking smokers, who will receive 8 weeks of NRT after completing either ABM (AB away from smoking cues and toward neutral cues) or sham training daily for 2 weeks. The first aim of this study is to identify the impact of in- home ABM on AB and the second aim is to identify the impact of in-home ABM on smoking behavior. The significance of this project is a new non-pharmacological intervention that normalizes AB and smoking behavior in treatment-seeking smokers that can be used as an adjunct to first-line cessation therapies. The innovations of this project are as follows: 1) we will be the first to administer multiple-session n-home ABM training using smartphones which offers the potential of maximizing ABM's effects to smokers' naturalistic environments; 2) we will be the first to evaluate the impact of ABM in conjunction with a first-line smoking cessation therapy (NRT); 3) we will be the first study to directly assess the generalizability of ABM on AB measured using multiple modalities, including central nervous system indicators of changes using ERP methodology, which its high spatial resolution is ideal for examining early attentional processes that RT cannot duplicate and 4) by using multiple sessions, we will be able to assess trajectories of change in AB over time to determine the optimum number of ABM training sessions. We anticipate that our study will have a positive impact on smoking cessation treatment by identifying an innovative low-cost intervention that alters AB and smoking behavior in treatment-seeking smokers, which would suggest a promising new avenue for future smoking cessation clinical trials.

描述（由申请人提供）：超过 70% 的接受一线治疗的吸烟者在 6 个月内复发。因此，需要替代和补充的戒烟疗法。鉴于其在治疗焦虑和酒精障碍方面的成功，注意力偏差修正（ABM）（一种计算机提供的干预措施）已被提议用于治疗尼古丁依赖。 ABM 减少了对吸烟线索的注意力偏差 (AB)，这种注意力偏差是随着时间的推移而形成的，这是由于条件反射过程而形成的，通过该过程，吸烟线索在动机上变得非常突出。已尝试针对吸烟者进行 ABM，但成效有限。迄今为止，我们已经发现吸烟 ABM 方法的三个弱点：（1）现有的吸烟 ABM 研究仅依赖于一次实验室培训课程，未能对该技术影响与 AB 和相关的神经生物学机制的潜力进行现实和普遍的评估。吸烟行为； (2) 尚未发表的吸烟 ABM 研究评估了 ABM 对多种环境中经历的 AB、跨多种模式的 AB 以及长期改变 AB 的普遍性； (3) 之前没有研究检验过 ABM 对一线戒烟治疗的潜在附加益处。该应用的目的是确定智能手机提供的家用 ABM 的可行性，以减少吸烟线索的 AB 并改变短期和长期的吸烟行为。参与者将是 250 名寻求治疗的吸烟者，他们将在完成为期 2 周的每日 ABM（AB 远离吸烟线索并转向中性线索）或假训练后接受 8 周的 NRT。本研究的第一个目的是确定家庭 ABM 对 AB 的影响，第二个目的是确定家庭 ABM 对吸烟行为的影响。该项目的意义在于一种新的非药物干预措施，可以使寻求治疗的吸烟者的 AB 和吸烟行为正常化，并可作为一线戒烟疗法的辅助手段。该项目的创新点如下： 1）我们将成为第一个使用智能手机进行多期家庭 ABM 培训的机构，该培训具有最大限度地发挥 ABM 对吸烟者自然环境影响的潜力； 2) 我们将率先评估 ABM 与一线戒烟治疗 (NRT) 结合的影响； 3) 我们将是第一项直接评估 ABM 对使用多种方式测量的 AB 的普遍性的研究，包括使用 ERP 方法测量的中枢神经系统指标变化，其高空间分辨率非常适合检查 RT 无法复制的早期注意力过程， 4) 通过使用多个课程，我们将能够评估 AB 随着时间的推移变化的轨迹，以确定 ABM 培训课程的最佳数量。我们预计，我们的研究将通过确定一种创新的低成本干预措施来改变寻求治疗的吸烟者的 AB 和吸烟行为，从而对戒烟治疗产生积极影响，这将为未来的戒烟临床试验提供一条有希望的新途径。