Exosomes/Microvesicles: Novel Mechanisms of Cell-Cell Communication

外泌体/微泡：细胞间通讯的新机制

• 批准号: 9106396
• 负责人: DAVID L. WOODLAND
• 金额: $ 1.08万
• 依托单位: KEYSTONE SYMPOSIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2016-11-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9106396
• 关键词: Address; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Biochemical; Biogenesis; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Biology; Biotechnology; Bone Marrow; Cell Communication; Cells; Cellular biology; Collaborations; Colorado; Communication; Communities; Cues; DNA; Development; Discipline; Disease; Docking; Endocytosis; Enzymes; Event; Growth Factor Receptors; Human; Knowledge; Liquid substance; Malignant Neoplasms; Membrane; Metabolic; Methodology; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nerve Degeneration; Outcome; Pharmacologic Substance; Primary Neoplasm; Proteins; RNA; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Shapes; Site; Synapses; Time; Tissues; Transcript; Translational Research; Tumor Angiogenesis; Vesicle; Work; cancer cell; career; cell type; clinical practice; diagnostic biomarker; exosome; expectation; extracellular vesicles; insight; intercellular communication; meetings; microvesicles; new therapeutic target; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; novel therapeutics; posters; public health relevance; symposium; trafficking; transcription factor; tumor; tumor microenvironment; tumor progression; uptake; vesicular release

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Exosomes/Microvesicles: Novel Mechanisms of Cell-Cell Communication, organized by Richard A. Cerione and Xandra O. Breakefield. The meeting will be held in Keystone, Colorado from June 19-22, 2016. An emerging area of great excitement in the cell biology and pharmaceutical/biotech communities involves the release and subsequent uptake of membrane-enclosed packets of information, often referred to as extracellular vesicles. These non-traditional vesicles contain a potent array of cargo, including hundreds of proteins such as growth factors and receptors, metabolic enzymes, transcription factors and a large variety of RNA transcripts as well as DNA. Extracellular vesicles span a range of sizes from 50 nm to 1 micron and comprise a heterogenous set, including exosomes and microvesicles that appear to be generated through distinct mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles are thought to serve as a means of cell-to-cell communication and contribute to a number of disease states, including cancer and neurodegeneration, thus offering new targets for therapeutic intervention and novel possibilities for diagnostic biomarkers. However, a number of important questions need to be answered: What are the regulatory cues that determine content and release of these vesicles from "donor" cells? How many different types of extracellular vesicles are there and do they vary among cell types? Are there specific uptake mechanisms of vesicles into "recipient cells" and is the cargo functional in these cells? The time is right for a Keystone Symposia meeting that covers this exciting area and aims to bring together investigators from the cell biology and biomedical communities to present their newest findings concerning the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles, how they are shed and dock onto target cells, and the biological and disease consequences of their functions. This meeting's focus is particularly relevant to NCI given the number of connections between microvesicle/exosome function and cancer progression. For example, extracellular vesicles have been implicated in the communication between cancer cells at a primary tumor site and their immediate microenvironment, as well as in the creation of the pre-metastatic niche at secondary sites of tumor colony formation, and in tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, these vesicles are stable in tissue fluids and have the potential to serve as biomarkers, with the idea being that microvesicles/exosomes from different types of cancer cells will contain some cargo specific to those cells. Thus, microvesicles/ exosomes offer a potentially rich area for the identification of new therapeutic anti-cancer targets and diagnosti markers

 描述（由应用程序提供）：请求支持Keystone研讨会会议，标题为“外泌体/微覆盖：Richard A. Cerione和Xandra O. Breakefield组织的细胞细胞通信的新型机制”。该会议将于2016年6月19日至22日在科罗拉多州的基斯通举行。在细胞生物学和药物/生物技术社区中，新兴领域引起了极大的兴奋领域，涉及释放并随后吸收了膜包含的信息，通常被称为外细胞外蔬菜。这些非传统蔬菜包含一系列潜在的货物，包括数百种蛋白质，例如生长因子和受体，代谢酶，转录因子以及大量的RNA转录物以及DNA。细胞外蔬菜的范围从50 nm到1微米的一系列尺寸，包括一个异质集，包括外泌体和微泡似乎是通过不同的机制生成的。细胞外蔬菜被认为是细胞对细胞通信的一种手段，并有助于许多疾病状态，包括癌症和神经变性，从而为治疗干预提供了新的靶标，并为诊断生物标志物提供了新的可能性。但是，需要回答许多重要的问题：确定这些蔬菜从“供体”细胞中确定和释放的调节提示是什么？那里有多少种不同类型的细胞外蔬菜，它们在细胞类型中会有所不同吗？蔬菜是否有特定的摄取机制对“受体细胞”，并且货物在这些细胞中是否有效？现在是涵盖这个令人兴奋的领域的基石研讨会会议的时候了，旨在将来自细胞生物学和生物医学群落的研究人员聚集在一起，以提出有关细胞外囊泡生物发生，如何脱落和停靠靶细胞以及其功能的生物学和疾病后果的最新发现。鉴于微泡/外泌体功能与癌症进展之间的连接数量，这次会议的重点与NCI尤其重要。例如，在原发性肿瘤部位的癌细胞与它们的直接微环境以及在肿瘤菌落形成的次要部位和肿瘤血管生成中创建癌细胞之间的癌细胞之间以及在产生了肿瘤的次移裂细胞和肿瘤血管生成时，已经实施了细胞外蔬菜。此外，这些蔬菜在组织烟道中是稳定的，并且有可能用作生物标志物，其想法是，来自不同类型的癌细胞的微囊泡/外泌体将包含某些针对这些细胞的货物。这是微囊泡/外泌体为鉴定新的治疗抗癌靶标和诊断标记提供了潜在的富裕区域