Developmental Methodology as Applied to Research on Adolescent Alcohol Use

发展方法论应用于青少年酒精使用研究

• 批准号: 9143034
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 13.83万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9143034
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Attention; Award; Behavior; Characteristics; Collaborations; Computer software; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Educational workshop; Etiology; Family Study; Funding; Goals; Health; Heavy Drinking; Independent Scientist Award; Individual; Intoxication; Joints; Knowledge; Leisure Activities; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Manuscripts; Measurement; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Michigan; Minnesota; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Paper; Performance; Population; Prevention strategy; Problem behavior; Process; Psychopathology; Reading; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Rhode Island; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Social Environment; Staging; Statistical Models; Stress; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training Activity; Translating; Twin Multiple Birth; Youth; adverse outcome; age related; alcohol availability; alcohol expectancy; alcohol involvement; alcohol related problem; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; binge drinking; career; career development; cohort; computerized data processing; design; developmental psychology; drinking; early alcohol use; early drinking; family influence; follow-up; improved; innovation; meetings; model development; peer influence; physical conditioning; prospective; research data dissemination; skills; social; success; symposium; theories; underage drinker; underage drinking; underage drinking reduction; willingness; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this independent scientist award (K02) application is to provide the Candidate with protected time to conduct research on initiation and progression of alcohol use. A host of powerful analytic methods and readily available specialized software have recently been developed that allow for empirical testing of hypotheses of change, but recent emphasis on statistical advances may divert attention from theory. Making inferences about age-related changes from empirical data requires attention to issues of design, measurement, and analysis. To the degree that the issues affect the correspondence between statistical models and theories of development, our ability to validly test developmental theory is threatened. This proposal seeks to illustrate and address key challenges that arise when translating theory to empirical findings by applying newly emerging methods for modeling development. These include developmental (dis)continuity, heterotypic continuity, approaches to modeling covariates, origin and metric of the time scale, and cohort sequential design. Developmental methods will be applied to four prospective datasets on underage alcohol use: three secondary datasets that span adolescence through young adulthood and the Candidate's NIAAA-funded study, "Initiation and Progression through Early Drinking Milestones in Underage Drinkers" (R01 AA016838), a study exploring characteristics of the early drinking career in a multi-cohort sample of 1,023 Rhode Island middle schoolers, for which data collection is ongoing and data processing is underway. The secondary datasets, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97), the Michigan Longitudinal Study (MLS), and the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS), offer advantages with regard to sampling, follow-up interval and duration, operationalization of alcohol involvement, and type of risk factors assessed. Together, these four datasets will address important substantive research questions about the predictive utility of drinking precursors and risk factors at the level of the individual social context, and broader context, as well as outcomes of risky alcohol use. In addition, the extent to which initiation and progression vary by age, across stage of alcohol involvement, and over important life transitions will be examined. Career development activities take the form of research collaborations with nationally recognized consultants in the fields of quantitative psychology and developmental psychopathology that regularly develop, adapt, and employ methods to address questions of development using prospective data. These collaborations will result in joint manuscripts and will provide support for extensive, iterative interactions. Formal training activities include workshop attendance, didactic readings, and dissemination to the field in the form of review papers, symposia, and topical meetings. By the end of the award period, the Candidate will have the skills to bridge state-of-the-art emerging analytic techniques with developmental theory to substantially advance our knowledge of the etiology of alcohol initiation and progression of use and will be a leading expert in the application of models of change.

描述（由申请人提供）：该独立科学家奖（K02）申请的目标是为候选人提供受保护的时间进行有关饮酒启动和进展的研究。最近已经开发了许多强大的分析方法和随时可用的专业软件，这些软件允许对变化的假设进行经验测试，但是最近对统计进步的重视可能会将注意力转移到理论上。从经验数据中推断与年龄相关的变化需要注意设计，测量和分析问题。在某种程度上，这些问题影响了统计模型和发展理论之间的对应关系，我们有效检验发展理论的能力受到威胁。该建议旨在通过将新出现的方法应用于建模开发来说明和解决将理论转化为经验发现时产生的关键挑战。这些包括发育（DIS）连续性，异型连续性，建模协变量的方法，时间尺度的来源和指标以及同类顺序设计。发育方法将应用于未成年的四个前瞻性数据集：跨越年轻成年的三个二级数据集以及候选人由NIAAA资助的研究，“通过未成年人饮酒者的早期饮酒里程碑通过早期饮酒者进行的启动和进步”（R01 AA016838数据收集正在进行中，并且正在进行数据处理。次要数据集，全国对青年纵向调查（NLSY97），密歇根州纵向研究（MLS）和明尼苏达州双胞胎家庭研究（MTFS），在抽样，随访间隔和持续时间，酒精参与度的操作以及评估风险因素类型方面提供了优势。这四个数据集将共同解决有关饮酒前体和风险因素在个人社会环境层面，更广泛的环境以及风险饮酒的结果下的预测效用的重要实质性研究问题。此外，将研究启动和进展因年龄，跨酗酒阶段以及重要的生命转变而变化的程度。职业发展活动以定量心理学和发育心理病理学领域的全国认可顾问的形式进行研究，这些顾问定期开发，适应和采用使用前瞻性数据来解决发展问题的方法。这些合作将导致联合手稿，并为广泛的迭代互动提供支持。正式的培训活动包括参加研讨会，教学读数以及以审查论文，研讨会和局部会议的形式传播到该领域。到奖励期结束时，候选人将具有具有发展理论的最先进的新兴分析技术的技能，从而实质上促进了我们对酒精启动和使用进展的病因的了解，并将成为应用变革模型的领先专家。