Motivational and Contextual Influences on Patterns of Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Use: A Daily Assessment Study

动机和背景对同时饮酒和大麻使用模式的影响：每日评估研究

• 批准号: 9326979
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 69.91万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9326979
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Cereals; Chronic; Coupled; Data; Development; Distal; Epidemiology; Frequencies; Future; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Laws; Legal; Legal Status; Marijuana; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Motivation; Nature; Online Systems; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Professional counselor; Public Health; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Severities; Site; Social Conformity; Social Environment; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Universities; Washington; Well in self; Youth; college; contextual factors; design; deviant; dosage; experience; falls; high risk behavior; improved; innovation; insight; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana user; multilevel analysis; outcome prediction; peer; physical conditioning; prospective; social; university student

A large majority of college marijuana users engage in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use, which results in a greater number and severity of consequences than when either alcohol or marijuana is used alone. Given ongoing legal changes regarding recreational marijuana use, it is likely that SAM use will continue to increase. Most research to date on SAM use has been cross-sectional, retrospective, and/or focused on a single use occasion, and the bulk of research occurred prior to the recent changes in marijuana laws. Further, little is known about what distinguishes frequent SAM users from infrequent SAM users and non-SAM alcohol and marijuana users, and even less is known about specific occasions of SAM use. Therefore, it is imperative to understand more about the epidemiology of this phenomenon and the potentially unique motivational and contextual factors influencing SAM use, as well as subjective effects and use-related consequences. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) obtain contemporary data comparing occasions of SAM use to occasions of alcohol and marijuana use alone, in terms of prevalence, frequency, patterning, mode/type of use, and use- related consequences; and 2) test a developmental, interactive model examining within- and between- individual proximal and distal predictors of SAM use and examine the moderating effects of motivations and contexts on patterns of SAM use, occasions of SAM use, and subsequent negative consequences. We will compare occasions of SAM use to separate occasions of alcohol and marijuana use (within-individual comparison) and compare frequent SAM users to infrequent SAM users and non-SAM alcohol and marijuana users (between-individual comparison), as well as between-individual differences in within-individual associations. This project will examine present-day SAM use among 1,440 college students (ages 18-24) at three state universities, each with very different state laws regarding marijuana use, using a two-phase approach: a larger survey assessment (Phase 1) coupled with a fine-grained daily survey design (Phase 2). The longer survey will be administered prior to each 4-week daily assessment period to 480 students per campus. Daily web-based surveys will also be administered to a subsample of 120 students per campus for 4 weeks during the fall and again during the spring. A secondary aim of this study is to determine if the motivational and contextual influences on SAM use generalize across sites varying in marijuana legal status. Multilevel models will be used to determine predictors and outcomes as a function of whether use is simultaneous or separate. This innovative, multi-site study will provide a theoretical and empirical basis for designing preventive interventions to reduce SAM use and related consequences by determining motivational and contextual targets for interventions as well as actual and perceived norms regarding SAM use. The results of the proposed research will provide critical and timely information to meet the needs of college administrators and counselors and also inform the marijuana legalization debate.

绝大多数大学大麻使用者同时从事酒精和大麻（SAM）使用， 与单独使用酒精或大麻相比，后果的数量和严重程度更大。 考虑到有关休闲大麻使用的持续法律变更，Sam使用可能会继续 增加。迄今为止，大多数有关SAM使用的研究都是横断面的，回顾的和/或专注于 一次使用场合以及大部分研究发生在最近发生的大麻法律变化之前。更远， 关于少数SAM用户与不频繁的SAM用户和非SAM酒精的区别知之甚少 和大麻使用者，甚至对SAM使用的特定场合知之甚少。因此，这是必须的 更多地了解这种现象的流行病学以及潜在的独特动机和 影响SAM使用的上下文因素，以及主观效应和与使用相关的后果。这 这项研究的具体目的是：1）获得当代数据，以比较SAM使用的场合与场合 在患病率，频率，模式，使用方式/使用方式以及使用方面，仅用酒精和大麻使用 相关后果； 2）测试一种开发，交互式模型，该模型检查内部和之间 SAM使用的个人近端和远端预测指标，并检查动机的调节作用 有关SAM使用模式，SAM使用的情况以及随后的负面后果的上下文。我们将 比较SAM用来分开使用酒精和大麻的场合的情况（个体内部 比较），并将频繁的SAM用户与不频繁的SAM用户和非SAM酒精和大麻进行比较 用户（个体之间的比较）以及个体内部的个体差异 协会。该项目将研究当今的SAM在1,440名大学生（18-24岁）中使用 三个州立大学，每个大学都使用两阶段有关大麻使用的州法律截然不同 方法：较大的调查评估（第1阶段），再加上细粒度的每日调查设计（第2阶段）。 每个4周的每日评估期间将对480名学生进行较长的调查 校园。每日基于Web的调查也将针对每个校园的120名学生进行4 秋季和春季的几周。这项研究的次要目的是确定是否是否 对SAM使用的动机和上下文影响跨大麻法律地位各不相同。 多级模型将用于确定预测因素和结果，以函数是否使用 同时或分开。这项创新的多站点研究将为理论和经验提供 通过确定动机来设计预防性干预措施，以减少SAM使用和相关后果 以及有关干预措施以及有关SAM使用的实际和感知规范的上下文目标。结果 拟议的研究将提供关键和及时的信息，以满足大学管理者的需求 和辅导员，还可以通知大麻合法化辩论。