Understanding Adolescent In-Vivo Exposure to Alcohol Content in the Media

了解青少年体内接触媒体中酒精含量的情况

• 批准号: 10661538
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 60.38万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-10 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10661538
• 关键词: 18 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attitude; Back; Behavior; Brain; Cellular Phone; Cognition; Cognitive; Consensus; Development; Devices; Ecological momentary assessment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Esthesia; Etiology; Event; Expectancy; Exposure to; Film; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Grain; Image; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Learning; Literacy Programs; Measurement; Measures; Media Intervention; Mediation; Mental Health; Methods; Modification; Music; Nature; Neurobiology; Occupations; Participant; Perception; Population; Predisposition; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Proliferating; Protocols documentation; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Shapes; Source; Surveys; Tablets; Television; Testing; Text; Time; Video Games; Work; Youth; adverse outcome; age group; alcohol content; alcohol exposure; alcohol involvement; alcohol use initiation; conditioning; demographics; design; digital; dosage; drinking; experience; hazard; improved; in vivo; intervention delivery; intervention program; legal drinking age; literacy; movie; parental influence; peer; physical conditioning; portability; prospective; prototype; public health relevance; smartphone application; social; social factors; social media; social norm; success; therapy development; timeline; underage drinking; virtual; willingness

ABSTRACT Initiation of alcohol use typically occurs well before the legal drinking age, which is concerning as early use is associated with short and long-term adverse outcomes including acute and prolonged neurobiological effects. For youth, the media constitutes a primary source of learning about alcohol. Entertainment media frequently features images of and references to alcohol, associating alcohol use with social, sexual, and financial success, with little depiction of the hazards of drinking. Moreover, alcohol content is easily accessible via new (digital) media platforms such as social media and YouTube which are highly interactive, allowing for user engagement through exchange and manipulation of information. Adolescents are high consumers of media and with the proliferation of smartphones and tablets, youth have anytime, anywhere, on-demand access to media alcohol content. Yet, virtually no information is known about in vivo exposure to such content in terms of frequency/duration, medium/format, and context. Study Aim 1 will quantify and characterize in vivo exposure to alcohol content in entertainment media (film, TV, popular music) and new media (social media, YouTube, internet, video gaming). Aim 2 will examine bi-directional prospective associations between in vivo exposure to alcohol media content and alcohol use across short-term and longer-term timeframes and Aim 3 will identify mechanisms of this association; an exploratory aim will test moderation of these associations by key individual and contextual risk factors. Etiological research points to several cognitive and social mechanisms underlying the association between in vivo media alcohol exposure and drinking, including perceived norms, cognitions (expectancies, drinker prototypes), identity, and attitudes (favorability, evaluative conditioning). Using a 3-wave measurement burst design, 300 youth age 15-18 will complete a 3-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol using a Smartphone app. Participants will be asked to provide event-level information upon encountering alcohol content and if possible, to upload a screenshot, photo, or text description of the exposure. Event surveys are paired with random-prompted EMA surveys as well as weekly surveys assessing alcohol use and longer surveys prior to each burst to measure risk factors and media utilization. Existing media intervention programs are unequipped to handle new media, fail to target adolescents, a group arguably at greatest need for intervention, and do not target media as it is experienced in vivo on portable devices. Fine- grained ecological studies such as this are needed to shape the content of just-in-time (JiT) interventions and to inform the best timing of intervention delivery, with the goal of producing reductions in underage alcohol use. In Aim 4, focus groups with a subset (n=48) of participants will provide understanding of the perceived impact of alcohol-related media content on behavior and cognitions to inform intervention development. This project uses a timely ecological approach to answer the fundamental question of how media alcohol content elevates underage drinking risk to optimally inform next steps in preventive media literacy intervention research.

抽象的 饮酒的开始通常在合法饮酒年龄之前就发生了，这是关于早期使用的 与短期和长期不良结果有关，包括急性和长期神经生物学作用。 对于年轻人来说，媒体构成了学习酒精的主要来源。娱乐媒体经常 特征是酒精的图像和参考，将酒精使用与社交，性和财务相关联 成功，几乎没有描绘饮酒危害。此外，可以通过新的 （数字）媒体平台，例如社交媒体和YouTube，它们具有高度交互式，允许用户 通过交换和操纵信息参与。青少年是媒体的高消费者 随着智能手机和平板电脑的扩散，年轻人随时随地都可以按需访问 媒体酒精含量。然而，实际上，从体内暴露于此类内容的情况下几乎不知道 频率/持续时间，中/格式和上下文。研究目标1将量化和表征体内暴露于 娱乐媒体（电影，电视，流行音乐）和新媒体（社交媒体，YouTube， 互联网，视频游戏）。 AIM 2将检查体内暴露于体内的双向前瞻性关联 在短期和长期的时间范围内，酒精媒体的含量和酒精含量以及AIM 3将确定 这种关联的机制；探索目的将通过关键个体来测试这些关联的节制 和上下文风险因素。病因研究指出了几种认知和社会机制 体内媒体酒精暴露与饮酒之间的关联，包括感知的规范，认知 （期望，饮酒者原型），身份和态度（偏爱，评估条件）。使用3波 测量爆发设计，300名15-18岁的青年将完成3周的生态瞬时评估 （EMA）使用智能手机应用程序协议。将要求参与者提供事件级信息 遇到酒精含量，并在可能的情况下上传屏幕截图，照片或曝光的文本描述。 事件调查与随机促进的EMA调查以及评估酒精的每周调查配对 在每次爆发之前使用和更长的调查来衡量风险因素和媒体利用。现有媒体 干预计划无法处理新媒体，未能针对青少年，可以说是一个小组 最需要干预的需求，并且不针对媒体，因为它在便携式设备上在体内经验丰富。美好的- 需要诸如此类的污染生态研究以塑造即时（JIT）干预措施的内容和 为了告知干预措施的最佳时机，目的是减少未成年人饮酒。 在AIM 4中，具有参与者子集（n = 48）的焦点小组将提供对感知影响的理解 与酒精相关的媒体内容有关行为和认知的内容，以告知干预开发。这个项目 使用及时的生态方法来回答媒体酒精含量如何提升的基本问题 未成年的饮酒风险以最佳的方式为预防媒体素养干预研究的下一步提供信息。