Role of Adult Connection in Violence Prevention Among Youth During Daily Activity

成人联系在青少年日常活动中预防暴力中的作用

• 批准号: 9049820
• 负责人: Alison J. Culyba
• 金额: $ 7.09万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9049820
• 关键词: 17 year old; Accident and Emergency department; Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; African American; Age; Biometry; Case-Control Studies; Cause of Death; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Childhood; Cluster Analysis; Communities; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Degree program; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Family member; Fellowship; Foundations; Funding; Future; Grant; Guns; Healthy People 2020; Homicide; Individual; Injury; Instruction; Interpersonal Violence; Intervention; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Lead; Male Adolescents; Manuscripts; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Publications; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Structure; Surveys; Techniques; Training; Translational Research; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Victimization; Violence; Work; Youth; assault; base; built environment; career development; clinical epidemiology; cognitive development; data management; experience; grandparent; improved; innovation; mortality; multidisciplinary; novel; peer; physical assault; population based; protective effect; psychosocial development; public health relevance; response; risk perception; social; theories; violence perpetration; violence prevention; violence victimization; youth violence

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Interpersonal violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst adolescents and is likely the end result of a complex interplay between individual, family, and environmental factors that are often dynamic across the adolescent years. Most research to date has focused on risk factors for violence perpetration and less is known about factors that protect youth from violence. Adult connection plays a crucial role in adolescent development and may play a role in limiting violence perpetration and victimization. However, research examining the association between adult connection and violent victimization is limited, often includes a limited age range, and has traditionally relied on self-report measures. Also, the effect of the environment on youth violence is poorly understood due to sparse and conflicting data. In response to this need, we propose to analyze data from an innovative population-based case control study (R01AA014944) that mapped the travel paths of adolescents' daily activities to identify risk factors for assault injury. Using this unique opportunity and novel methods we will more accurately measure the nature and strength of adult connection and neighborhood exposure in order to address the following specific aims: 1) To assess whether presence of adult connection is associated with decreased odds of violent assault injury in adolescent males; 2) To assess whether adolescent characterizations of connections (e.g. supportive vs. unsupportive) with adult family members are associated with decreased odds of violent assault injury in adolescent males, and determine which family connections are most salient; and 3) To assess whether adult connection is associated with differential exposure to neighborhood risk and protective factors over the course of daily activities. Through this analysis, the applicant will develop a deeper understanding of the association between adult connection and odds of assault injury, understand how the association may differ as adolescent- adult relationships change across development, examine the mechanisms through which adult connection may lead to decreased violence exposure, and identify opportunities to bolster adult connection and protect youth. This work is closely aligned with NIH, CDC and Healthy People 2020 priorities. The proposed research project will be in the context of the applicant completing requirements for a PhD in Clinical Epidemiology. The degree program will encompass intensive instruction in the fundamentals of epidemiology, biostatistics, study design, data management, and analytic methods, which will enhance and guide the research process of the applicant. The grant funding will enable additional multifaceted training and career development with complementary mentors with expertise in youth violence, spatial epidemiology, adolescent development, adolescent-adult relationships, community-based interventions, and translational research. The longer-term objectives of the applicant for this grant are to analyze the data, prepare manuscripts for publication, and use the results as a foundation for a future K award application.

 描述（由适用提供）：人际暴力是青少年发病率和死亡率的主要原因，很可能是个人，家庭和环境因素之间复杂相互作用的最终结果，这些因素在整个青少年时期通常是动态的。迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在暴力实施暴力的风险因素上，而对保护青年免受暴力的因素的了解却较少。成人联系在青少年发展中起着至关重要的作用，并且可能在限制暴力犯罪和胜利中发挥作用。但是，研究成人联系与暴力之间关联的研究有限，通常包括有限的年龄范围，并且传统上可以放弃自我报告措施。同样，由于数据稀疏和相互矛盾的数据，环境对青年暴力的影响得不到理解。为了应对这种需求，我们建议分析来自创新的基于人群的案例控制研究（R01AA014944）的数据，该研究绘制了青少年日常活动的旅行路径，以识别攻击伤害的风险因素。使用这种独特的机会和新颖的方法，我们将更准确地衡量成人联系和邻里暴露的性质和强度，以解决以下特定目的：1）评估成年人的存在是否与青少年男性暴力攻击伤害的几率减少有关；为了评估青少年连接（例如，与成年家庭成员的支持性与无支持的人）是否与青少年男性暴力攻击伤害的几率减少有关，并确定哪些家庭联系最为明显； 3）评估成人联系是否与在日常活动过程中接触邻里风险和保护因素的差异有关。通过这项分析，适用的将对成人联系与攻击伤害几率之间的关联进行更深入的了解，了解随着青少年 - 成人关系在整个发展中的变化，研究成人联系可能导致暴力持续下降的机制，并确定增强成人联系和保护青年的机会，该关联可能会有所不同。这项工作与NIH，CDC和健康人2020的优先事项紧密一致。拟议的研究项目将在临床流行病学博士学位的申请人完成要求下。该学位课程将增强流行病学，生物统计学，研究设计，数据管理和分析方法基础的密集指导，这将增强和指导申请人的研究过程。该赠款资金将凭借与青年暴力，空间流行病学，青少年发展，青少年成年关系，基于社区的干预措施和翻译研究的专家有关，以实现其他多方面的培训和职业发展。该赠款申请的长期目标是分析数据，准备出版的手稿，并将结果作为未来K奖励申请的基础。

项目成果

Promoting Resilience in Youth Who Are Violence-Involved.

促进遭受暴力的青少年的复原力。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Adolescent medicine: state of the art reviews
• 作者: Culyba,Alison;Ginsburg,Kenneth
• 通讯作者: Ginsburg,Kenneth

A LEGISLATIVE CASE STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF POLYVICTIMIZATION RESEARCH AND POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS' DUTY TO ENGAGE IN PUBLIC POLICY ADVOCACY.

多重受害研究和政策实施演变的立法案例研究：心理卫生专业人员参与公共政策宣传的责任。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: William & Mary policy review
• 作者: Culyba,AlisonJourney;Patton,WilliamWesley
• 通讯作者: Patton,WilliamWesley