Characterizing the Respiratory Microbiome Via a Novel, Non-Invasive Technique

通过新颖的非侵入性技术表征呼吸道微生物组

• 批准号: 9034939
• 负责人: Sara Adar
• 金额: $ 23.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-18 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9034939
• 关键词: Adult; Air; Air Pollution; Bacteria; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Markers; Breathing; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cells; Chronic; Chronic Obstructive Asthma; Clinical; Clinical Research; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Effectiveness; Environment; Environmental Pollutants; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Exhalation; Future; Gastrointestinal tract structure; General Population; Health; Hospitals; Household; Human; Human body; Individual; Indoor Air Pollution; Infection; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Lead; Life; Link; Lung; Lung diseases; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Michigan; Microbe; Microbiology; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nose; Oral; Oral cavity; Oropharyngeal; Participant; Particulate Matter; Patients; Persons; Pilot Projects; Play; Predisposition; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Respiratory physiology; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schedule; Sedation procedure; Severity of illness; Skin; Sterility; Structure; Swab; Techniques; Testing; Toxic Environmental Substances; Universities; Vagina; Work; air sampling; ambient air pollution; cost; cytokine; epidemiology study; high risk; improved; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; novel; novel marker; population based; programs; public health relevance; pulmonary function; research study; respiratory; survival prediction

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Bacteria are prevalent throughout the human body, residing at all interfaces with the external environment. These microbes, which outnumber human cells ten to one, are highly physiologically active and known to influence the health of their host. Although most studies to date have focused on microbes of the skin, oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina, there is now an understanding that the lungs are not sterile, as was once believed. In fact, evidence shows that microbial burden and diversity in the lungs differs between healthy individuals and those with lung disease. Additionally, microbial composition in the lungs has been linked to respiratory disease severity. Since it is known that microbial communities in the gut can metabolize environmental toxicants, stimulate host inflammatory response, and increase risk of host infection, it is likely that respiratory microbes also play an important role in human health. A major challenge to researching the respiratory microbiome is the lack of a well-established, non-invasive measure in the lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage is the most direct approach to measure the lungs, but it is an invasive procedure performed under sedation at the hospital. This makes it too burdensome on participants and cost-prohibitive for large clinical and epidemiology studies. To overcome these limitations, the aim of this exploratory study is to systematically investigate exhaled breath condensate as a novel, non-invasive medium to characterize the respiratory microbiome. Because exhaled breath condensate may reflect several inter-connected biological compartments, we plan to characterize the microbial communities of concurrent samples of exhaled breath condensate, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, oral wash, nasal swab, fecal, and inspired air samples collected from 18 healthy individuals. Specifically we plan to: 1) assess how well the microbial communities in exhaled breath condensate reflect the microbial communities in the lungs and 2) identify the origins (mouth, nose, gut, inspired air) of any microbial communities in exhaled breath condensate not present in the lungs. The ability to characterize the lung microbiome using exhaled breath condensate, alone or paired with other non-invasive samples will open the door to large-scale population-based epidemiology studies that are currently cost-prohibitive and logistically infeasible. We plan to follow this work with future studies of the respiratory microbiome's role in processing inhaled environmental pollutants, predicting survival among patients with severe lung disease, and as a diagnostic for clinical use. Thus, this work is expected to lead to substantial improvements in our understanding of the role of the respiratory microbiome on human health.

 描述（通过应用程序证明）：巴克氏症是人体的普遍存在，在与外部环境的所有界面上都超过了迄今为止大多数研究的人类细胞，该细胞重点介绍了orophlynx，胃肠道实际上，有证据表明，肺部曾经是无菌的增加宿主感染的风险，呼吸道微生物在人类健康中也起着重要的作用。但是，这是一种镇静剂，用于临床和流行病学研究。同时呼出的Brensath E，支气管肺泡灌洗液，口腔洗涤，鼻拭子，粪便，并受到18个健康个体的启发呼气的凝结物中的任何微生物群落的起源（嘴，嘴，鼻子，肠，受启发的空气）使用肺部不存在的凝结物。基于流行病学的研究目前的成本良好。在理解呼吸道微生物组对人类健康的作用。