Spurring Innovation in HIV Testing and Linkage: A Crowdsourcing Approach

刺激艾滋病毒检测和关联的创新：众包方法

• 批准号: 8928045
• 负责人: Joseph David Tucker
• 金额: $ 64.73万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-17 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8928045
• 关键词: American; Caring; China; Chinese People; Cities; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Coordination and Collaboration; Country; County; Crowding; Data; Diagnosis; Elderly; Elements; Ensure; Entrepreneurship; Evaluation; Exposure to; Foundations; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV/STD; Health; Health Services; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Image; Incidence; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Lead; Marketing; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Outsourcing; Participant; Physicians; Policies; Population; Private Sector; Prize; Process; Program Evaluation; Province; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Project Grants; Serological; Services; Sexual Health; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Marketing; Specialist; System; Testing; Time; Training; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Viral; Visual; Weight; Work; aged; arm; authority; base; behavioral economics; commercial application; compare effectiveness; cost effective; design; evidence base; experience; farmer; high risk behavior; improved; innovation; men; men who have sex with men; migration; mortality; novel; preference; programs; research study; social; success; tool; transmission process; uptake; willingness; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In 1907 the crowd at a county fair accurately estimated the weight of an ox. The median estimate of the crowd was more accurate than estimates from farmers and other experts. This startling observation demonstrates the wisdom of the crowds or communities in specific contexts. Crowdsourcing is the process of taking a task performed by an individual and outsourcing it to a large group in the form of a contest or open call. For example, Wikipedia solicits content and editing for its online encyclopedia. Applied to HIV testing and linkage campaigns, crowdsourcing offers an opportunity to better understand the needs and preferences of hidden key populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM), including those who have high risk behaviors but do not utilize existing health services. Online contests can generate novel content, visual images, and distribution networks for HIV testing and linkage campaigns. Another HIV tool originating from the private sector, social marketing can also enhance HIV campaigns. Social marketing is the systematic application of commercial marketing concepts to the analysis, planning, execution, and evaluation of programs. Social marketing brings together professional marketing and public health expertise in order to more effectively package and deliver HIV testing and linkage services. The major distinction between crowdsourcing and social marketing approaches in designing HIV campaigns is that crowdsourcing is largely driven by community engagement and developed bottom-up whereas social marketing is driven by public health specialists and developed top-down. Our research will focus on young (18-29yo) Chinese MSM who are highly active participants in online forums, but whose power has not been tapped for promoting HIV testing and linkage to care. This subset of men has a high HIV incidence, yet remains largely untested and unengaged. We hypothesize that a crowdsourced campaign will have a higher impact on HIV testing and linkage to care because of greater campaign engagement. Our multi-disciplinary research team brings together crowdsourcing and social marketing experience, a long term history of working with and on behalf of MSM in China, and a rich local infrastructure for HIV research, to investigate the following aims: (1) Develop a crowdsourced intervention and a social marketing intervention to enhance HIV testing and linkage among young adult MSM; (2) Compare the effectiveness of a crowdsourced intervention and a social marketing intervention on HIV testing and linkage using a multisite, quasi-experimental trial; and (3) Estimate the impact of crowdsourced and social marketing interventions among young MSM on HIV transmission in four cities using modeling. Implementing partners at Social Entrepreneurship for Sexual Health (SESH) Global, a non-governmental organization, have developed and piloted crowdsourcing methods to promote HIV testing in China. Long standing in-country research projects and infrastructure at UNC Project-China increase the likelihood of success. This research will contribute to enhanced HIV campaigns and ultimately lead to decreased HIV acquisition and transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：1907年，县博览会的人群准确地估计了牛的重量。人群的中位数估计比农民和其他专家的估计更准确。这种令人震惊的观察表明，在特定情况下，人群或社区的智慧。众包是采取个人执行的任务并以比赛或公开电话的形式将其外包给大型团体的过程。例如，Wikipedia征求内容并为其在线百科全书编辑。众包应用于艾滋病毒测试和联系活动，提供了一个机会，可以更好地了解隐藏关键人物的需求和偏好，例如与男性发生性关系（MSM），包括那些具有高风险行为但不利用现有卫生服务的人。在线竞赛可以生成新颖的内容，视觉图像和分销网络，以进行艾滋病毒测试和链接活动。源自私营部门的另一种艾滋病毒工具，社会营销还可以增强艾滋病毒运动。社会营销是商业营销概念在计划，计划，执行和评估方面的系统应用。社交营销汇集了专业营销和公共卫生专业知识，以便更有效地包装和提供HIV测试和联系服务。在设计艾滋病毒运动中，众包和社会营销方法之间的主要区别在于，众包主要是由社区参与和发展自下而上的，而社会营销则由公共卫生专家驱动并开发了自上而下。我们的研究将重点放在年轻的（18-29yo）中国MSM上，他们是在线论坛中高度活跃的参与者，但其权力并未因促进艾滋病毒测试和链接的护理而受到攻击。这一部分男性的艾滋病毒发病率很高，但仍未经过测试和未接触。我们假设，由于更多的竞选活动，众包运动将对艾滋病毒测试和与CARE的联系产生更高的影响。我们的多学科研究团队汇集了众包和社会营销经验，与中国MSM合作和代表MSM合作的长期历史以及富裕的当地艾滋病毒研究基础设施，以调查以下目的：（1）发展众包。干预和社会营销干预措施，以增强年轻成人MSM的艾滋病毒测试和联系； （2）使用多站点，准实验性试验比较众包干预措施的有效性以及对艾滋病毒测试和联系的社会营销干预； （3）估计使用建模的众包和社会营销干预对四个城市的艾滋病毒传播中众包和社会营销干预的影响。非政府组织的社会企业家（SESH）Global实施合作伙伴，已经开发并试行了众包方法，以促进中国的HIV测试。 UNC Project-China在UNC Project-China上长期存在的国内研究项目和基础设施增加了成功的可能性。这项研究将有助于加强艾滋病毒运动，并最终导致艾滋病毒收购和传播减少。