Measuring Functional Impact of Oncoming Headlight Glare for Cataract Patients

测量迎面车灯眩光对白内障患者的功能影响

• 批准号: 8760684
• 负责人: ELI PELI
• 金额: $ 49.25万
• 依托单位: SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8760684
• 关键词: Affect; Age related macular degeneration; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Clinical; Complication; Contrast Sensitivity; Data; Decision Making; Detection; Devices; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Eye; Glare; Goals; Goggles; Head; Head Movements; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Intraocular lens implant device; Knowledge; Laser In Situ Keratomileusis; Light; Measures; Movement; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Patients; Performance; Pilot Projects; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Questionnaires; Reaction Time; Recovery; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Risk Factors; Running; Safety; Series; Simulate; Source; Speed; Stress; Testing; Time; Training; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Walking; base; design; disability; driving behavior; evaluation/testing; experience; gaze; hazard; novel; public health relevance; research study; response; sample fixation; tool; trafficking; vision aid

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Glare is the biggest impairment experienced by cataract patients. In nighttime driving, headlight glare may severely affect the safety of the driver and pedestrians. Overall reduction of conspicuity of the pedestrians and other driving related features (e.g. lane markers, traffic signs) affects cataract patients due to their reduced visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS). Although it is widely accepted that headlight glare caused by oncoming cars is a primary nighttime driving hazard, much less is known about how drivers are able to interact with glare from an oncoming car's headlights, and how this glare affects the driver's performance. Cataract is one of the few eye conditions where a patient's VA and CS can be restored to normal levels by surgical procedures. Therefore, the impact of glare from the oncoming headlight caused by cataract can be effectively studied, while factoring out other individual variability that affect nighttime driving, by measuring their nighttime driving behaviors and performances in progressive way along their corrective surgeries in a physically validated, novel, real-time headlight glare simulator that runs concurrently with a driving simulator. We plan to quantitatively measure the impacts of headlight glare on early-to-mid bilateral cataract patients in the following ways: 1) detection performance (hazard detection rates and reaction times), 2) vehicle control (speed, lane position, steering stability), and 3) ey and head movements (gaze movements toward and away from the glare), and their interactions with the other measures. We will measure driving performance and gaze movements of normally sighted subjects with or without simulated cataracts (Study 1); {a pilot group of patients with bilateral cataract (Study 2)}; bilateral cataract patients before (Study 3) and after cataract extraction surgery for the first eye (Study 4); and after their second surgery (Study 5). The data will be compared between with and without headlight glare conditions. In addition to the direct performance and behavioral comparisons, the power of the clinical vision function measures (e.g. VA, CS, photostress test, intraocular straylight measure) to predict actual driving performance, and the coherence between self-ratings of glare difficulties in real-world and in simulated conditions will be evaluated. The results will provide the first set of comprehensive data on the functional impact of oncoming headlight glare in cataract patients during nighttime driving, and will have widespread benefits, providing valuable guidance for cataract surgery, driver training, design of glare control devices, driver testing and driving regulations. Once the effects are successfully measured, the testing platform developed for the proposed studies can easily converted to a reliable evolutional tool for other vision conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is known to have glare complications including prolonged photo stress recovery. Also it can be used for measuring the safety of vision-aid devices and multifocal intraocular lenses during nighttime driving.

描述（由申请人提供）：眩光是白内障患者所经历的最大损害。 在夜间驾驶中，大灯眩光可能会严重影响驾驶员和行人的安全。 由于降低，行人和其他相关特征的显着性和其他相关特征的显着性总体降低会影响白内障患者 视力（VA）和对比度灵敏度（CS）。 尽管人们普遍认为，由迎面而来的汽车引起的大灯眩光是一个主要的夜间驾驶危险，但对驾驶员如何与即将来临的汽车大灯相互作用以及这种眩光如何影响驾驶员的性能的众所周知。 白内障是通过手术程序可以将患者的VA和CS恢复到正常水平的少数眼睛状况之一。 因此，可以有效地研究由白内障引起的眩光引起的大灯的影响，同时通过测量其夜间驾驶行为和表演，以逐步进行矫正手术，以矫正其矫正手术，以物理验证的，新颖的，新颖的，实时的实时眩光模拟器与驾驶模拟器同时运行。 我们计划通过以下方式定量测量大灯眩光对早期到中间双侧白内障患者的影响：1）检测性能（危险检测率和反应时间），2）车辆控制（速度，车道位置，转向稳定性）以及3）EY和头部运动（凝视朝向眩光），以及与其他测量的相互作用。 我们将测量有或没有模拟白内障的正常视力受试者的驾驶性能和凝视运动（研究1）； {一个试点患者 与双侧白内障（研究2）}； （研究3）和白内障后双侧白内障患者 第一只眼的提取手术（研究4）；在他们的第二次手术后（研究5）。 数据 将在有和没有前大灯眩光条件下进行比较。 除了直接的性能和行为比较外，还将评估临床视觉功能度量（例如VA，CS，CS，Chstress测试，眼内弹性测试），以预测实际的驾驶性能以及在现实世界中和模拟条件下的眩光自我之间的相干性。 结果将提供有关白内障患者在夜间驾驶过程中即将到来的大灯眩光功能影响的第一组综合数据，并将具有广泛的益处，为白内障手术，驾驶员培训，眩光控制设备的设计，驾驶员测试和驾驶法规提供宝贵的指导。 一旦 效应是成功测量的，为拟议的研究开发的测试平台可以轻松地转换为其他视力条件（例如与年龄相关的黄斑变性（AMD））的可靠进化工具，该病情据称具有眩光并发症，包括长时间的照相应激恢复。 此外，它也可用于测量夜间驾驶期间视觉AID设备和多焦点内镜头的安全性。