VISUAL FIELD EXPANSION THROUGH INNOVATIVE MULTIPLEXING PRISM DESIGN

通过创新的多路复用棱镜设计扩展视野

• 批准号: 8735952
• 负责人: ELI PELI
• 金额: $ 48.37万
• 依托单位: SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8735952
• 关键词: Area; Automobile Driving; Bilateral; Caliber; Clinical Trials; Confusion; Crossover Design; Crowding; Detection; Development; Devices; Disease; Effectiveness; Electronics; Elements; Environment; Evaluation; Eyeglasses; Glaucoma; Head; Head Movements; Homonymous Hemianopia; Impairment; Island; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lateral; Lead; Licensing; Maintenance; Marketing; Measures; Motion; Multi-Institutional Clinical Trial; Optics; Patients; Performance; Perimetry; Peripheral; Posture; Process; Quality of life; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Reporting; Residual state; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Scanning; Solutions; System; Testing; Visual; Visual Aid; Visual Fields; Walking; central visual field; design; improved; improved mobility; innovation; lens; monocular; novel; public health relevance; tool; trial comparing; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Severe peripheral field loss (PFL) sometimes called tunnel vision is a result of retinitis pigmentosa and related diseases as well as glaucoma. Currently there are no effective visual aids for these patients whose mobility is seriously affecte by this impairment. The novel concept of vision multiplexing as a design principle for low vision devices has provided guidance for the development of numerous devices for visual field losses. Spatial multiplexing by shifting, combined with biocular multiplexing, has been a proven effective aid for homonymous hemianopia. This approach, known as EP Prisms, uses unilateral prisms, and is applied to the peripheral field where double vision is well tolerated, and has evolved into a successful optical treatment. In numerous studies half or more of patients fitted with the EP prisms continue to wear and use the device over a long term and reported improved mobility. For PFL, Trifield prism spectacles, a biocular multiplexing device that applied central visual confusion to patients with tunnel vision (e. g., due to RP) has proven much more difficult. Despite there being no alternative aids available, and despite it being effective for 25% of patients, it has not made inroads in the marketplace. It is very complicated to construct and most patient find the central double vision it imposes disturbing. In considering the successful and limiting aspects of both approaches, the main requirements of patients with severe PFL, and the dynamic of a walking situation, we have designed a new visual aid, Quadrafield lens (creating artificial peripheral visual islands). This is achieved by applying near peripheral fiel expansion while avoiding the central confusion and fields tradeoffs of prior designs. We also invented a new optical element, a "multiplexing prism" that can be applied to this and other devices. Multiplexing prisms provide simultaneous (monocularly) superimposed views of the shifted and direct see-through fields of view. The maintenance of the see through view permits treatment of monocular patients. It also permits fitting the prisms closer to the central field, a even with occasional encroachment, due to head movements, foveal vision is not completely blocked. In addition we have found a way to convert the regular vertical head bobbing motion into a lateral scanning through the prisms, implementing temporal multiplexing. Here we propose to implement, tune, and test the effectiveness of the multiplexing prisms as an aid for PFL, when used in the Quadrafield lens in laboratory studies and culminating in a multicenter randomized control clinical trial.

描述（由申请人提供）：有时称为隧道视觉的严重外周场损失（PFL）是色素性视网膜炎和相关疾病以及青光眼的结果。 目前，对于这些患者而言，这些患者没有有效的视觉辅助工具会严重影响这种障碍。 视觉多路复用作为低视力设备的设计原理的新颖概念为开发众多视野损失设备提供了指导。 通过转移与生物综合化结合的空间多路复用已被证明是同型偏半型的有效辅助。 这种称为EP Prisms的方法使用单方面的棱镜，并应用于双视耐受性良好的外围场，并已演变为成功的光学处理。 在许多研究中，一半或更多的配备EP棱镜的患者长期继续穿着和使用该设备，并报告提高了迁移率。 对于PFL，Trifield Prism Spectacles是一种将中央视觉混乱应用于隧道视觉患者（例如，由于RP）应用的生物多发性装置，事实证明已被证明更加困难。 尽管没有其他辅助工具，尽管它对25％的患者有效，但它并未在市场上侵入。 构造非常复杂，大多数患者发现它引起了令人不安的双重视力。 在考虑两种方法的成功和局限性方面，严重PFL患者的主要要求以及步行情况的动态，我们设计了一种新的视觉辅助工具，Quadrafield镜头（创建人造外围视觉岛屿）。 这是通过在近乎外围的FIEL扩展时实现的，同时避免了中央混乱和先前设计的领域权衡。 我们还发明了一种新的光学元素，即可以应用于该设备和其他设备的“多重棱镜”。 多路复用棱镜提供了移动和直接透明的视野的同时（单眼）叠加的视图。 通过观察的维持可以治疗单眼患者。 它还允许将棱镜更接近中央田地，这是由于头部移动而偶尔被侵略，而动脉视觉并没有完全阻止。 此外，我们已经找到了一种将常规垂直头摇动运动转换为通过棱镜的横向扫描，实现时间多路复用的方法。 在这里，我们建议在实验室研究中使用，在Quadrafield镜头中实施，调整和测试多路复用棱镜作为PFL的有效性，并在多中心随机对照临床试验中达到顶点。