Instrument to Identify Hazardous Children's Products that Could Cause Lead Poison

识别可能导致铅中毒的危险儿童产品的仪器

• 批准号: 8056879
• 负责人: MICHAEL R. SQUILLANTE
• 金额: $ 46.47万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-25 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8056879
• 关键词: Advocacy; Algorithms; Area; Blood; Calibration; Chemicals; Child; Clinic; Country; Day center care; Deglutition; Detection; Development; Devices; Documentation; Equipment; Fees; Fire - disasters; Fluorescence; Foxes; Goals; Government Agencies; Government regulations; Hand; Health; Home environment; Hospitals; Household; Household Products; Human; Human Resources; Laboratories; Lead; Legal; Legal patent; Licensing; Location; Manufactured football; Mastication; Measurement; Modeling; Names; Neighborhoods; Paint; Parents; Pharmacy facility; Phase; Poison; Poisoning; Procedures; Public Health; Reporting; Roentgen Rays; Safety; Schools; Services; Shapes; Source; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Toy; Training; base; consumer product; cost; design; detector; experience; instrument; lead contamination; lead exposure; medical supply; meetings; operation; programs; prototype; sensor; solid state; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of Phase II is to develop the world's first safe, inexpensive, and easy to operate lead detector for consumers that can reliably detect dangerous levels of lead in toys and other products. It will be based on a high sensitivity yet inexpensive X-ray fluorescence technology developed by RMD. The proposed program will result in a unique product that offers: (1) high sensitivity, to identify objects containing dangerous amounts of lead, (2) low cost to encourage widespread testing by consumers and other end users and (3) convenient operation requiring no training or licensing. Lead and its compounds have been rated as top chemicals that pose a great threat to human health. Despite increasingly stringent government regulations, lead contaminated components continue to penetrate the supply chain and show up on retailer shelves. Furthermore, testing of second hand items, purchased in resale shops or handed down to younger children, is practically non-existent. The problem is not due to the accuracy or sensitivity of existing lead detection technology, but rather to the high expense, safety and licensing barriers of available test equipment. We propose to use RMD's advanced solid-state detectors combined with recently patented lead detection techniques to develop a consumer oriented lead detector that will be widely available and easy and inexpensive to use. We propose a rental/lease model to keep costs low and encourage widespread testing by consumers at home and in schools and daycare centers. The main impact of Phase II will be households that are safer for children because parents finally have an affordable way to identify potentially hazardous, lead-containing products. In Phase I, we demonstrated the feasibility of designing such a device. In Phase II we will perfect the technology, culminating in the fabrication of a highly functional prototype lead detection instrument. RMD has the personnel, facilities and experience to develop a lead detector for consumer use. Though a small company, RMD now manufactures lead detectors for professionals that detect lead in paint and in solder. With the new sensors and measurement technologies detailed in the Phase II proposal, RMD believes it is now possible to overcome the difficulties associated with developing a lead detector for consumers based on a safe, low intensity, unlicensed source. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In spite of increasingly stringent regulatory limits for lead content in consumer products, toys and household products containing lead continue to find their way into the consumer household. The reason it is so hard to identify and eliminate items containing egregious amounts of lead is that current tests are very expensive to perform and require the involvement of a trained technician or a full service testing laboratory. We propose to develop an inexpensive, simple to operate instrument which can be made widely available to consumers to test items in their own homes. The public health impact is that convenient, widespread testing will remove lead contaminated items from use before children are exposed.

描述（由申请人提供）：第二阶段的目的是为消费者开发世界上第一个安全，廉价且易于操作的铅探测器，这些消费者可以可靠地检测玩具和其他产品中的铅铅含量。它将基于RMD开发的高灵敏度但廉价的X射线荧光技术。拟议的程序将产生一种提供的独特产品：（1）高灵敏度，以识别包含危险铅量的物体，（2）低成本，以鼓励消费者和其他最终用户的广泛测试以及（3）不需要培训或许可的方便操作。 铅及其化合物被评为对人类健康构成巨大威胁的顶级化学物质。尽管政府法规越来越严格，但铅污染的组件仍继续渗透到供应链中，并出现在零售商的货架上。此外，在转售商店购买或交给年幼儿童的二手物品的测试实际上是不存在的。问题不是由于现有铅检测技术的准确性或敏感性，而是由于可用测试设备的高支出，安全性和许可障碍。 我们建议使用RMD的高级固态探测器与最近获得专利的铅检测技术相结合，以开发面向消费者的铅检测器，该检测器将广泛使用，易于使用且便宜。我们提出了一种租赁/租赁模型，以保持低廉的成本，并鼓励消费者在家庭，学校和日托中心进行广泛的测试。 第二阶段的主要影响是对儿童更安全的家庭，因为父母终于有一种负担得起的方法来识别潜在的危险危险，具有铅铅的产品。在第一阶段，我们证明了设计这种设备的可行性。在第二阶段，我们将完善该技术，最终在制造高度功能的原型铅检测工具中。 RMD具有人员，设施和经验，以开发用于消费者使用的铅探测器。虽然是一家小公司，但RMD现在为专业人士生产铅探测器，这些专业人员在油漆和焊料中探测铅。借助第二阶段提案中详细介绍的新传感器和测量技术，RMD认为现在有可能克服基于安全，低强度，无限制的来源为消费者开发铅检测器相关的困难。 公共卫生相关性：尽管对消费产品，玩具和含有铅的家用产品的铅含量越来越严格，继续进入消费者家庭。如此难以识别和消除包含大量潜在客户的项目的原因是，目前的测试非常昂贵，需要涉及训练有素的技术人员或全面服务测试实验室。我们建议开发一种廉价，易于操作的仪器，可以为消费者广泛使用，以在自己的家中测试物品。公共卫生的影响是，方便，广泛的测试将在暴露儿童之前消除被铅污染的物品。