ISOLATED EXECUTIVE IMPAIRMENT AND COGNITIVE DECLINE

孤立的执行力障碍和认知能力下降

基本信息

批准号：
8141582
负责人：
JULENE K JOHNSON
金额：
$ 6.03万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-06-01 至 2011-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The majority of studies of cognitive aging focus on memory decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the preclinical stage of AD and other dementias may also begin with impairment in non-memory cognitive domains. We have preliminary clinical and neuropathological data suggesting that isolated executive impairment, a non-memory cognitive deficit, may be a risk for the development of functional decline and/or dementia. The overall goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that an isolated impairment of frontalexecutive function in non-demented elderly will predict future cognitive decline / dementia, functional impairment, and brain atrophy. To test this hypothesis, we will obtain longitudinal cognitive, functional, and neuroimaging measurements of 48 elderly subjects with isolated executive impairment and compare with 48 subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and matched controls. Specifically, we predict that lower baseline performance on tests of executive function will be associated with 1) lower performance on functional measures (i.e., activities of daily living) at two- and four-year follow-up intervals and 2) a decline in cognitive performance at two- and four-year follow-up intervals when compared with matched controls. We also hypothesize that subjects with isolated executive impairment will have a greater degree of prefrontal cortex atrophy on MRI at baseline and show a faster rate of prefrontal cortex atrophy at the two-year follow-up interval. Across all subjects, we predict that there will a relationship between scores on tests of executive function and the degree of frontal cortex atrophy. This project will increase awareness of non-memory cognitive impairment as a significant risk for functional and cognitive decline and/or dementia, 2) provide clinical and neuroimaging tools for the identification of individuals with non-memory cognitive impairment for possible inclusion in future primary prevention and treatment trials, and 3) expand differential diagnosis with individuals who present with isolated executive impairment to include AD in addition to frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, etc.

描述（由申请人提供）：认知衰老的大多数研究集中于记忆下降和阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）。但是，AD和其他痴呆症的临床前阶段也可能始于非记忆认知领域的损害。我们有初步的临床和神经病理学数据，表明孤立的执行障碍（一种非记忆认知缺陷）可能是功能下降和/或痴呆症发展的风险。该项目的总体目的是检验以下假设：非痴呆的老年人在非痴呆的局部功能中孤立的损害将预测未来的认知下降 /痴呆，功能障碍和脑萎缩。为了检验这一假设，我们将获得48名具有孤立执行障碍的老年受试者的纵向认知，功能和神经影像学测量，并与48位具有宽敞的轻度认知障碍（MCI）和匹配控制的受试者进行比较。具体而言，我们预测，在执行功能测试测试上的基线表现将与1）在功能措施（即日常生活活动）的较低绩效相关联，并在两年和四年的随访时间间隔和2）与匹配对照组相比，在两年和四年的随访间隔下的认知性能下降。我们还假设，具有孤立的执行损伤的受试者在基线时在MRI上具有更大程度的前额叶皮层萎缩，并在两年的随访间隔内显示出更快的前额叶皮层萎缩率。在所有受试者中，我们预测在执行功能测试的分数与额叶皮层萎缩程度之间会有关系。该项目将提高人们对非记忆认知障碍的认识，这是功能性和认知能力下降和/或痴呆症的重大风险，2）提供临床和神经成像工具，以识别具有非记忆性认知损害的个体，以纳入非内存性障碍，以纳入可能纳入未来的初级预防和治疗方面，并包括对局部局限性的人，以及3）既定的，以及3）痴呆症等