Regulation of juvenile hormone titers in mosquitoes

蚊子保幼激素滴度的调节

• 批准号: 8097616
• 负责人: Fernando Gabriel. Noriega
• 金额: $ 6.05万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-06 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8097616
• 关键词: Adult; Aedes; Allatostatin; Area; Basic Science; Biology; Blood; Chemicals; Corpora Allata; Culicidae; Dengue; Developing Countries; Development; Endocrine Glands; Enzymes; Event; Experimental Models; Female; Figs - dietary; Genomics; Goals; Hormonal; Incidence; Insect Control; Insecta; Insecticides; Juvenile Hormones; Link; Malaria; Modeling; Molecular; Molting; Morbidity - disease rate; Mosquito Control; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Neuropeptides; Nutrient; Nutritional; Nutritional status; Ovarian; Parasitic Diseases; Physiological; Progress Reports; Public Health; Regulation; Reproduction; Reproductive Process; Research; Resistance; Role; Signal Transduction; Staging; Work; allatotropin; base; design; disorder control; emerging adult; feeding; interest; mortality; novel strategies; programs; public health relevance; receptor; reproductive; research study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquito-transmitted parasitic diseases are among the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Recent dramatic increases in the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases, like malaria and dengue fever, and the wide-spread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides underscores the need for new approaches for insect control based on mosquito-specific agents. The discovery of such mosquito-specific control agents depends on basic research on the biology of mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH) is a major hormonal regulator in insects. In the female mosquito, JH signals the completion of the ecdysis to the adult stage, and initiates reproductive processes. JH titer is essentially determined by the rate at which the corpora allata (CA) synthesizes JH. Our research, using an integrative approach that combines experiments at the organismal, cellular and molecular level, is revealing that mosquito regulation of JH activity has unique features that are related to the adaptation to blood-feeding and the cyclic regulation of ovarian development. We have described that the CA of the female mosquito alternates between periods of high and low biosynthetic activity that are linked to developmental programs and nutritional signals. We have identified neuropeptides that stimulate or inhibit JH synthesis and have characterized their receptors. We have performed the first genomic analysis of an insect endocrine gland and studied the expression of most of the JH biosynthetic enzymes. We have also described that nutrients accumulated during the larval stages regulate CA activity and developed a unique model of nutritionally deficient mosquitoes that do not synthesize JH. The goal of this project is to understand the role and mechanism of action of the different factors that control CA activity (allatoregulatory factors). We also seek to identify the rate limiting steps and regulatory points of JH synthesis. To accomplish these goals, we will focus on two key stages: 1) the activation of JH synthesis in the newly emerged adult female and 2) the inactivation of the CA after blood- feeding. These two stages are critical moments in the reproductive maturation of mosquitoes and make excellent experimental models that are also relevant for disease control. These areas of research should identify targets for designing new, specific and affordable chemical strategies suitable for mosquito control in developing countries. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Mosquito-borne diseases are major public health problems in developing countries. The discovery of mosquito-specific control agents depends on basic research on the biology of mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH) is a major hormonal regulator that controls development and reproduction in mosquitoes and this research aims to understand the unique features of JH synthesis in mosquito and identify targets for designing new, specific and affordable chemical strategies suitable for mosquito depletion or incapacitation in endemic areas.

描述（由申请人提供）：蚊媒寄生虫病是世界上导致死亡和发病的主要原因之一。最近，疟疾和登革热等蚊媒疾病的发病率急剧增加，以及蚊子对杀虫剂的广泛耐药性，都强调需要基于蚊子特异性药剂的新昆虫控制方法。这种蚊子特异性控制剂的发现取决于对蚊子生物学的基础研究。保幼激素（JH）是昆虫的主要激素调节剂。在雌性蚊子中，JH 发出蜕皮完成到成虫阶段的信号，并启动生殖过程。 JH 滴度本质上是由牙体 (CA) 合成 JH 的速率决定的。我们的研究采用有机体、细胞和分子水平实验相结合的综合方法，揭示了蚊子对 JH 活性的调节具有独特的特征，这些特征与吸血适应和卵巢发育的周期性调节有关。我们已经描述了雌性蚊子的 CA 在生物合成活性高和低的时期之间交替，这与发育程序和营养信号有关。我们已经鉴定出刺激或抑制 JH 合成的神经肽，并表征了它们的受体。我们首次对昆虫内分泌腺进行了基因组分析，并研究了大多数 JH 生物合成酶的表达。我们还描述了幼虫阶段积累的营养物质调节 CA 活性，并开发了一种不合成 JH 的营养缺乏蚊子的独特模型。该项目的目标是了解控制 CA 活动的不同因素（所有调节因素）的作用和作用机制。我们还试图确定 JH 合成的速率限制步骤和监管点。为了实现这些目标，我们将重点关注两个关键阶段：1）新出现的成年雌性中 JH 合成的激活和 2）吸血后 CA 的失活。这两个阶段是蚊子生殖成熟的关键时刻，是与疾病控制相关的优秀实验模型。这些研究领域应确定设计适合发展中国家蚊子控制的新的、具体的和负担得起的化学策略的目标。 公共卫生相关性：蚊媒疾病是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题。蚊子特异性控制剂的发现取决于对蚊子生物学的基础研究。保幼激素（JH）是控制蚊子发育和繁殖的主要激素调节剂，本研究旨在了解蚊子中 JH 合成的独特特征，并确定目标，以设计适合蚊子消灭或丧失能力的新的、特定的和负担得起的化学策略。流行地区。