Regulation of Juvenile Hormone levels in mosquitos

蚊子保幼激素水平的调节

• 批准号: 6632099
• 负责人: Fernando Gabriel. Noriega
• 金额: $ 16.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6632099
• 关键词: Aedes; biological signal transduction; ganglions; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; gene expression; hormone biosynthesis; hormone regulation /control mechanism; juvenile hormones; microarray technology; neuroendocrine system; neuropeptides; neuroregulation; northern blottings; nutrition; nutrition related tag; radiochemistry; radioimmunoassay; trypsin

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Mosquito-transmitted parasitic diseases are among the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Recent dramatic increases in the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases underscore the need for new approaches to insect control based on mosquito specific agents. The discovery of such mosquito-specific agents depends on basicresearch on the biology of mosquitoes. However, there is a serious deficiency in our understanding of nearly all aspects of mosquito biology. Juvenile Hormone (JH) is amajor hormonal regulator in insects. In adult female mosquito JH signals that ecdysis to the adult stage is complete and reproductive processes should begin, inducing simultaneous changes in the expression of many genes in ovarian, fat body and midgut tissues. We have shown that JH plays an essential role in the transcriptionalactivation of the early trypsin gene in the Aedes aegypti midgut. The early trypsin is aremarkable"molecular marker," its expression is dramatically modified after feeding, and it is affected by both hormones and nutrients. We propose to use the expression of theearly trypsin gene as a paradigm for the nutritional regulation of JET levels. The ultimate goal of this project is to understand how changes in the nutritional status are assessed, and this information is transduced to coordinate post-feeding physiology. In this proposal, we are focusing on thenutritional regulation of JH levels. Our hypothesis is that the midgut can detect the nutritional status after feeding, and regulates the JR levels by affecting the activity of the corpora allata (CA). This regulation could be mediated directly or indirectly bymidgut peptides synthesized by the endocrine cells and released into the hemolymph. We have established an in vitro radiochemical assay to measure the synthesis of JH by the CA, using this assay we have shown that midgut peptide extracts stimulate thesynthesis of JET by the CA, and also that an Aedes aegyptiallatotropin stimulatesthesynthesis of JET by the CA. In order to define how JR levels are regulated after a blood meal, the following specific aims are proposed: (1) To investigate the role of the Aedes aegypti allatotropin and allatostatins on the regulation of CA activity in vitro, (2) To identify identify the peptide(s) responsible for the midgut allato-regulatory activity and (3) To investigate the physiological role of allato-regulatory peptides "in vivo."

描述（由申请人提供）：蚊子传播的寄生虫 疾病是世界上死亡和发病的主要原因之一。 最近蚊媒疾病发病率急剧增加 强调需要以蚊子为基础的昆虫控制新方法 具体代理。这种蚊子特异性药物的发现取决于 蚊子生物学基础研究。然而，有一个严重的 我们对蚊子生物学的几乎所有方面的理解都存在缺陷。 保幼激素（JH）是昆虫中主要的激素调节剂。在成年女性中 蚊子 JH 表示成虫阶段的蜕皮已完成，并且 生殖过程应该开始，同时引起 许多基因在卵巢、脂肪体和中肠组织中表达。我们已经展示了 JH 在早期转录激活中发挥重要作用 埃及伊蚊中肠中的胰蛋白酶基因。早期的胰蛋白酶是 是显着的“分子标记”，其表达在 喂养，它受到激素和营养素的影响。我们建议使用 早期胰蛋白酶基因的表达作为营养学的范例 JET 水平的调节。该项目的最终目标是了解 如何评估营养状况的变化，以及这些信息 转化为协调喂养后生理学。在这个提案中，我们 重点关注JH水平的营养调节。我们的假设是 中肠可以检测喂食后的营养状况，并调节JR 通过影响全体（CA）的活动来降低水平。本规定 可以通过中肠肽直接或间接介导 内分泌细胞并释放到血淋巴中。我们已经建立了一个 体外放射化学测定法测量 CA 的 JH 合成，使用该方法 我们已经证明中肠肽提取物刺激 JET 的合成 由CA，并且埃及伊蚊刺激催乳素的合成 CA 的 JET。为了确定血液后 JR 水平的调节方式 餐，提出以下具体目标：（1）研究膳食的作用 埃及伊蚊促尿素和尿抑素对 CA 的调节作用 体外活性，(2) 鉴定负责 中肠尿素调节活性和 (3) 研究生理作用 “体内”的尿素调节肽。