Regulation of juvenile hormone titers in mosquitoes

蚊子保幼激素滴度的调节

• 批准号: 8982645
• 负责人: Fernando Gabriel. Noriega
• 金额: $ 50.58万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8982645
• 关键词: Adult; Aedes; Allatostatin; Area; Basic Science; Biology; Blood; Brain; Cells; Chemicals; Corpora Allata; Culicidae; Dengue; Developing Countries; Development; Ecdysterone; Endocrine Glands; Enzymes; Event; Experimental Models; Female; Funding; Genomics; Goals; Hemolymph; Hormonal; Hormones; Incidence; Insect Control; Insecta; Insecticides; Insulin; Juvenile Hormones; Link; Malaria; Modeling; Molecular; Molting; Morbidity - disease rate; Mosquito Control; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Neuropeptides; Nutrient; Nutritional; Nutritional status; Ovarian; Ovarian Follicle; Ovary; Parasitic Diseases; Physiological; Public Health; Pupa; Regulation; Reproduction; Reproductive Physiology; Reproductive Process; Research; Resistance; Role; Signal Transduction; Staging; Work; allatotropin; base; chikungunya; critical period; design; disorder control; feeding; mortality; novel strategies; programs; public health relevance; receptor; reproductive; research study; sugar; vector control

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquito-transmitted parasitic diseases are among the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Recent dramatic increases in the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases, like Malaria, Chikungunya and Dengue Fever, and the wide-spread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides underscores the need for new approaches for insect control based on mosquito-specific agents. The discovery of such mosquito-specific control agents depends on continued basic research on the biology of mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH) is a major hormonal regulator in insects. In the female mosquito, JH signals the completion of the ecdysis to the adult stage, and initiates reproductive processes. JH titer is essentially determined by the rate at which the corpora allata (CA) synthesizes JH. Our research, using an integrative approach that combines experiments at the organismal, cellular and molecular level, is revealing that mosquito regulation of JH synthesis has unique features that are related to the adaptation to blood-feeding and the cyclic regulation of ovarian development. We have described that the CA of the female mosquito alternates between periods of high and low biosynthetic activity that are linked to developmental programs and nutritional signals. We have identified neuropeptides that stimulate or inhibit JH synthesis and have characterized their receptors. We have performed the first genomic analysis of an insect endocrine gland and studied the expression of all the JH biosynthetic enzymes. We have also described that nutrients accumulated during the larval stages regulate CA activity and developed a unique model of nutritionally deficient mosquitoes that do not synthesize JH. The goal of this project is to understand the role and mechanism of action of the different factors tha control CA activity (allato-regulatory factors). We also seek to identify the rate limiting steps ad regulatory points of JH synthesis. To accomplish these goals, we will focus on three key stages: 1) The developmentally- and nutritionally-dependent activation of JH synthesis in the CA of newly eclosed adult females, 2) The nutritionally-dependent modulation of JH synthesis in mature sugar-fed females and 3) The suppression and reactivation of JH synthesis after blood-feeding. These three stages are critical moments in the reproductive maturation of mosquitoes and make excellent experimental models that are also relevant for disease control. These areas of research should identify targets for designing new, specific and affordable chemical strategies suitable for mosquito control in developing countries.

 描述（由适用提供）：蚊子传播的寄生虫病是世界上死亡率和发病率的主要原因之一。最近的蚊子传播疾病事件的急剧增加，如疟疾，基肯尼亚和登革热，以及蚊子对杀虫剂的广泛抵抗力强调了基于蚊子特异性药物基于隔热控制的新方法的需求。这种蚊子特异性控制剂的发现取决于对蚊子生物学的持续基础研究。青少年激素（JH）是昆虫中的主要雌元调节剂。在雌性蚊子中，JH表示将逐步分析的成人阶段的结束表示，并启动了生殖过程。 JH滴度基本上取决于Corpora allata（CA）合成JH的速率。我们的研究使用一种结合了在有机，细胞和分子水平的实验结合的综合方法，这表明JH合成的蚊子调节具有与对血液喂养的适应和卵巢发育环节调节有关的独特特征。我们已经描述，在高生物合成活动期之间，女性蚊子替代品的CA与发育计划和营养信号有关。我们已经确定了刺激或抑制JH合成并表征其受体的神经肽。我们已经对绝缘内分泌腺进行了首次基因组分析，并研究了所有JH生物合成酶的表达。我们还描述了在幼虫阶段积累的营养调节Ca活性，并开发了一种不综合JH的营养缺陷蚊子的独特模型。该项目的目的是了解不同因素的作用和机制，其控制CA活性（Allato调节因素）。我们还寻求确定JH合成的速率限制步骤。为了实现这些目标，我们将重点关注三个关键阶段：1）在新近脱落的成年女性的CA中，JH合成的发育和营养依赖性激活，2）2）在成熟的糖喂养女性中JH合成的营养依赖性调节，以及3）抑制JH Synterthess的抑制和反应。这三个阶段是蚊子生殖成熟的关键时刻，并制作出出色的实验模型，这些模型也与疾病控制有关。这些研究领域应确定设计适合发展中国家蚊子控制的新，特定和负担得起的化学策略的目标。