Administrative Supplement to: Sensitization of the Reinforcing Value of Food as a Predictor of Weight Change in Adolescents

行政补充：食物强化价值作为青少年体重变化预测因子的敏感性

基本信息

批准号：
9788779
负责人：
Jennifer L Temple
金额：
$ 0.93万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-03-01 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788779
关键词：
Address Administrative Supplement Adolescence Adolescent Age Appointment Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Body Weight Body Weight Changes Body fat Body mass index Brain Candy Child Care Chocolate Consumption Cross-Sectional Studies Data Development Eating Environment Financial compensation Food Food Energy Funding Future Health Food Healthy Eating Height Hour Hyperphagia Impulsivity Incentives Income Individual Intake Italy Laboratories Lead Measures Mediating Methods Motivation Non obese Obesity Overweight Parents Participant Pathology Pattern Phenotype Physical activity Play Population Potato Predisposition Prevention strategy Psychological reinforcement Reporting Research Risk Risk Factors Role Self Administration Source Stimulus System Text Time Transportation Visit Weight Weight Gain Work adult obesity base cohort cost design discount discounting emerging adult energy density executive function follow-up food consumption good diet high risk improved indexing novel obesity risk parent grant payment prevent prospective protective factors rapid growth recruit reinforced behavior reinforcer relating to nervous system response treatment strategy

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract The adolescent brain is driven to seek out novel reinforcers, but the areas of the brain involved in impulse control and executive function remain immature until early adulthood. This may make adolescents particularly susceptible to overeating and weight gain. Motivation to eat, or reinforcing value, is a strong predictor of energy consumption and adiposity. Understanding factors that lead to higher levels of the reinforcing value of food is a critical first step toward developing novel treatment and prevention strategies for obesity. Our previous work has shown that repeated intake of snack foods, such as potato chips and chocolate candy, decreases the reinforcing value of that snack food in non-obese adults, but increases the reinforcing value of that snack food in a subset of obese adults. To date, this relationship has been demonstrated in cross- sectional studies. In addition, our preliminary data, presented in this proposal, suggest that individuals who increase responses for healthier snack foods (energy density <1.5 kcal/gram) weigh less than those who decrease responses for these foods after repeated administration. This suggests that sensitization of the reinforcing value of food may be a risk or a protective factor against obesity depending on the type of food being consumed. Another protective factor may be having a high reinforcing value of physical activity. Studies have shown that individuals who find physical activity very reinforcing weigh less. Finally, our work and that of others suggests that individuals who are high in reinforcing value of food and high in delay discounting may be at greater risk for weight gain. The purpose of the proposed study is to 1) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of high energy density snack foods predict weight gain over time. 2) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of low energy density snacks protects against weight gain over time 3) to determine if reinforcing value of physical activity and/or delay discounting moderate the relationship between sensitization of the reinforcing value of food on weight change in adolescents. These studies will allow us not only to determine the weight-related consequences of sensitization of the reinforcing value of food, but also to identify factors that moderate changes in body weight over time as they relate to the reinforcing value of food. Once these factors are identified and characterized, future studies could focus on refining methods for altering the reinforcing value of food as a way to increase healthy eating and decrease less healthy food intake. In order to maximize the fidelity of the data that we are collecting, it is imperative that we recruit a diverse participant population and retain the vast majority of participants. The purpose of this administrative supplement is to improve retention of our participant population by increasing participant and parent payment and by increasing between-visit participant engagement.

项目概要/摘要青少年的大脑被驱使去寻找新的强化物，但涉及冲动的大脑区域控制和执行功能直到成年早期才成熟。这可能会让青少年特别容易暴饮暴食和体重增加。进食动机或强化价值是一个强有力的预测因素能量消耗和肥胖。了解导致更高水平的增强值的因素食物是开发新的肥胖治疗和预防策略的关键的第一步。我们的之前的研究表明，反复摄入薯片和巧克力糖等休闲食品，降低了该零食对非肥胖成年人的强化价值，但增加了肥胖成年人的零食。迄今为止，这种关系已在跨领域得到证实截面研究。此外，我们在本提案中提供的初步数据表明，增加对更健康零食（能量密度<1.5 kcal/克）的反应，体重低于那些重复服用后会降低对这些食物的反应。这表明敏化食物的强化价值可能是预防肥胖的风险因素，也可能是预防肥胖的保护因素，具体取决于食物的类型被消耗。另一个保护因素可能是身体活动的高强化价值。研究研究表明，那些认为体力活动非常有效的人体重会减轻。最后，我们的工作和其他人则认为，食品强化价值高且延迟折扣高的个人可能会体重增加的风险更大。拟议研究的目的是 1) 确定是否会增加高能量密度休闲食品的强化价值可以预测体重随着时间的推移而增加。 2）判断是否增加低能量密度零食的强化价值可以防止体重随着时间的推移而增加 3) 确定是否增强体力活动的价值和/或延迟折扣调节敏化之间的关系食物对青少年体重变化的增强作用。这些研究不仅使我们能够确定食物增强价值的敏感性与体重相关的后果，同时也确定调节体重随时间变化的因素，因为它们与食物的强化价值有关。一次这些因素被识别和表征后，未来的研究可以集中于改进改变这些因素的方法强化食物的价值，作为增加健康饮食和减少不健康食物摄入的一种方式。为了为了最大限度地提高我们收集的数据的保真度，我们必须招募多元化的人才参与者人口并保留绝大多数参与者。本次行政管理的目的补充是通过增加参与者和家长来提高我们的参与者群体的保留率付款并增加访问期间参与者的参与度。