Drug Abuse, Social Decision-Making, and Sex-Related Functional Brain Asymmetry

药物滥用、社会决策和与性别相关的大脑功能不对称

• 批准号: 7845392
• 负责人: Daniel T. Tranel
• 金额: $ 3.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2010-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7845392
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affective; Alcohol abuse; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Architecture; Brain; Brain Part; Brain region; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Comorbidity; Data; Decision Making; Defect; Development; Disease; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Employee Strikes; Exhibits; Feeling; Female; Functional disorder; Future; Gambling; Gender; Goals; Heart; Impairment; Individual; Insula of Reil; Investigation; Iowa; Lead; Left; Lesion; Life; Light; Link; Measures; Mood Disorders; Myopia; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neurological Models; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Personality Disorders; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Process; Request for Applications; Research; Role; Sampling; Sex Characteristics; Side; Social Environment; Social support; Source; Structure; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Trust; Woman; Women' s Rights; Work; addiction; brain behavior; design; early onset; focal brain damage; interest; male; men; neuroeconomics; neuropsychological; patient registry; pre-clinical; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sex; social; therapy development

This research application is in response to #RFA-DA-06-004. At the heart of drug and alcohol abuse is bad decision-making, especially in response to social influences. This decision-making defect is highly reminiscent of the social decision-making impairments that characterize neurological patients with damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC). The VMPC patients provide a neurological model of social decision- making gone awry. There is evidence at both preclinical and clinical levels that the VMPC is a key brain region in drug abuse, and we propose that VMPC dysfunction and defective social decision-making may characterize individuals who abuse and become addicted to drugs and alcohol. In this research application, we plan to conduct studies in neurological patients in order to flesh out the neurobiological underpinnings of social decision-making, taking advantage of the unique Iowa Patient Registry that contains neuropsychological and neuroanatomical data for thousands of patients. A particular focus is on gender differences. We have intriguing preliminary findings suggesting that there might be an important sex-related difference in the relationship between the VMPC and social decision-making: in men, the right VMPC might be critical, whereas in women, the left VMPC might be critical. The experiments will test three specific aims: (1) To determine whether there is sex-related functional asymmetry of the VMPC in regard to social decision- making, using tasks such as the Ultimatum Game, Trust Game, Iowa Gambling Task, and Ellsberg Tasks; (2) To extend the investigation of sex-related functional asymmetry to other brain structures known to be critical for social and affective processes related to decision-making, namely, the amygdala and the insular cortex; (3) To investigate developmental influences on the relationship between the VMPC and social- decision making and emotional processing, by studying patients who incurred VMPC damage early in life. The experiments will furnish important new information about the neurobiological underpinnings of social decision-making and emotional processing. The link with substance abuse is direct: the decision-making deficits in VMPC patients have striking similarities with those evident in drug and alcohol abusers and addicts ("myopia for the future"). Thus, our research could help pinpoint sources of neural dysfunction that contribute to bad decision-making of the type that characterizes drug and alcohol abuse. Public health relevance: This research will help us understand how various parts of the brain are important for social decision-making and emotional processing, whether there are gender differences in these brain- behavior relationships, and how these relationships develop. The research could help inform treatment and prevention of drug and alcohol abuse disorders, as well as social conduct disorders, personality disorders, and anxiety and mood disorders, all of which have high comorbidity with drug and alcohol abuse.

该研究申请是响应＃RFA-DA-06-004。毒品和酗酒的核心是不好的 决策，尤其是为了回应社会影响。这个决策缺陷很高 让人想起具有损害神经系统患者的社会决策障碍 腹侧前额叶皮层（VMPC）。 VMPC患者提供了社会决策的神经系统模型 - 让出了问题。临床前和临床水平都有证据表明VMPC是关键大脑 药物滥用的地区，我们建议VMPC功能障碍和有缺陷的社会决策可能 虐待并沉迷于毒品和酒精的个人。在此研究应用中， 我们计划对神经病患者进行研究，以充实 社会决策，利用包含的独特爱荷华州患者注册表 数千名患者的神经心理学和神经解剖学数据。特别的重点是性别 差异。我们有有趣的初步发现，表明可能存在重要的性别有关 VMPC与社会决策之间的关系差异：在男性中，VMPC可能 至关重要，而在女性中，左VMPC可能至关重要。实验将测试三个具体目标： （1）确定VMPC在社会决策方面是否存在与性别相关的功能不对称性 - 制作，使用诸如Ultimatum游戏，信任游戏，爱荷华州赌博任务和Ellsberg任务之类的任务； （2）将与性别相关的功能不对称的研究扩展到已知的其他大脑结构 对于与决策相关的社会和情感过程至关重要，即杏仁核和孤立的过程 皮质； （3）调查对VMPC与社会关系之间关系的发展影响 决策和情绪处理，通过研究生命早期造成VMPC损害的患者。 这些实验将提供有关社会神经生物学基础的重要新信息 决策和情感处理。与药物滥用的联系是直接的：决策 VMPC患者的缺陷与毒品和酗酒者的明显相似之处以及 吸毒者（“未来的近视”）。因此，我们的研究可以帮助确定神经功能障碍的来源 导致毒品和酗酒的类型的不良决策。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究将帮助我们了解大脑的各个部分如何重要 对于社会决策和情感处理，这些大脑中是否存在性别差异 - 行为关系以及这些关系如何发展。这项研究可以帮助治疗和 预防毒品和酒精滥用障碍以及社会行为障碍，人格障碍， 以及焦虑和情绪障碍，所有这些疾病都与毒品和酒精滥用都具有很高的合并症。