Drug Abuse, Social Decision-Making, and Sex-Related Functional Brain Asymmetry

药物滥用、社会决策和与性别相关的大脑功能不对称

基本信息

批准号：
7845392
负责人：
Daniel T. Tranel
金额：
$ 3.57万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-30 至 2010-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7845392
关键词：
Address Adult Affective Alcohol abuse Alcohols Amygdaloid structure Anxiety Architecture Brain Brain Part Brain region Characteristics Child Childhood Clinical Comorbidity Data Decision Making Defect Development Disease Drug Addiction Drug abuse Drug usage Emotional Emotions Employee Strikes Exhibits Feeling Female Functional disorder Future Gambling Gender Goals Heart Impairment Individual Insula of Reil Investigation Iowa Lead Left Lesion Life Light Link Measures Mood Disorders Myopia Neurobiology Neurologic Neurological Models Outcome Patients Pattern Personality Disorders Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Prefrontal Cortex Prevention Process Request for Applications Research Role Sampling Sex Characteristics Side Social Environment Social support Source Structure Substance abuse problem System Testing Trust Woman Women&apos s Rights Work addiction brain behavior design early onset focal brain damage interest male men neuroeconomics neuropsychological patient registry pre-clinical public health relevance relating to nervous system research study response sex social therapy development

项目摘要

This research application is in response to #RFA-DA-06-004. At the heart of drug and alcohol abuse is bad decision-making, especially in response to social influences. This decision-making defect is highly reminiscent of the social decision-making impairments that characterize neurological patients with damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC). The VMPC patients provide a neurological model of social decision- making gone awry. There is evidence at both preclinical and clinical levels that the VMPC is a key brain region in drug abuse, and we propose that VMPC dysfunction and defective social decision-making may characterize individuals who abuse and become addicted to drugs and alcohol. In this research application, we plan to conduct studies in neurological patients in order to flesh out the neurobiological underpinnings of social decision-making, taking advantage of the unique Iowa Patient Registry that contains neuropsychological and neuroanatomical data for thousands of patients. A particular focus is on gender differences. We have intriguing preliminary findings suggesting that there might be an important sex-related difference in the relationship between the VMPC and social decision-making: in men, the right VMPC might be critical, whereas in women, the left VMPC might be critical. The experiments will test three specific aims: (1) To determine whether there is sex-related functional asymmetry of the VMPC in regard to social decision- making, using tasks such as the Ultimatum Game, Trust Game, Iowa Gambling Task, and Ellsberg Tasks; (2) To extend the investigation of sex-related functional asymmetry to other brain structures known to be critical for social and affective processes related to decision-making, namely, the amygdala and the insular cortex; (3) To investigate developmental influences on the relationship between the VMPC and social- decision making and emotional processing, by studying patients who incurred VMPC damage early in life. The experiments will furnish important new information about the neurobiological underpinnings of social decision-making and emotional processing. The link with substance abuse is direct: the decision-making deficits in VMPC patients have striking similarities with those evident in drug and alcohol abusers and addicts ("myopia for the future"). Thus, our research could help pinpoint sources of neural dysfunction that contribute to bad decision-making of the type that characterizes drug and alcohol abuse. Public health relevance: This research will help us understand how various parts of the brain are important for social decision-making and emotional processing, whether there are gender differences in these brain- behavior relationships, and how these relationships develop. The research could help inform treatment and prevention of drug and alcohol abuse disorders, as well as social conduct disorders, personality disorders, and anxiety and mood disorders, all of which have high comorbidity with drug and alcohol abuse.

本研究申请是为了回应 #RFA-DA-06-004。吸毒和酗酒的核心是不好的决策，特别是针对社会影响的决策。这种决策缺陷严重让人想起神经系统受损患者的社会决策障碍腹内侧前额皮质（VMPC）。 VMPC 患者提供了社会决策的神经学模型使出差错。临床前和临床水平都有证据表明 VMPC 是一个关键大脑区域药物滥用，我们提出 VMPC 功能障碍和有缺陷的社会决策可能描述滥用毒品和酒精并上瘾的人。在本研究应用中，我们计划对神经系统患者进行研究，以充实神经生物学基础社会决策，利用独特的爱荷华州患者登记处，其中包含数千名患者的神经心理学和神经解剖学数据。特别关注性别差异。我们有有趣的初步发现，表明可能存在与性别相关的重要因素 VMPC 与社会决策之间关系的差异：对于男性，正确的 VMPC 可能很重要，而对于女性来说，左侧 VMPC 可能很重要。这些实验将测试三个具体目标： (1) 确定VMPC在社会决策方面是否存在与性别相关的功能不对称- 制作、使用“最后通牒游戏”、“信任游戏”、“爱荷华州赌博任务”和“埃尔斯伯格任务”等任务； (2) 将与性别相关的功能不对称性的研究扩展到已知的其他大脑结构对于与决策相关的社会和情感过程至关重要，即杏仁核和岛叶皮质； (3) 调查VMPC与社会性之间关系的发展影响通过研究生命早期遭受 VMPC 损伤的患者来做出决策和情绪处理。这些实验将提供有关社会的神经生物学基础的重要新信息决策和情绪处理。与药物滥用的联系是直接的：决策 VMPC 患者的缺陷与吸毒和酗酒者的缺陷有惊人的相似之处瘾君子（“对未来的近视”）。因此，我们的研究可以帮助查明神经功能障碍的根源导致以吸毒和酗酒为特征的错误决策。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将帮助我们了解大脑各个部分的重要性对于社会决策和情感处理，这些大脑是否存在性别差异行为关系，以及这些关系如何发展。该研究有助于为治疗和治疗提供信息预防吸毒和酗酒障碍，以及社会行为障碍、人格障碍、以及焦虑和情绪障碍，所有这些都与药物和酒精滥用有很高的合并症。