A Randomized Trial of a Mentoring Program for High Risk Children

高危儿童辅导计划的随机试验

• 批准号: 7859569
• 负责人: John MARK EDDY
• 金额: $ 0.77万
• 依托单位: OREGON SOCIAL LEARNING CENTER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2009-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7859569
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Advocate; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Americas; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Boston; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Clinical Trials Design; Communities; Conduct Disorder; Costs and Benefits; Country; Education; Effectiveness; Emotional; Employee; Enrollment; Ethnic Origin; Failure; Family; Female; Friends; Funding; Funding Agency; Gender; Goals; Housing; Imprisonment; Indium; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Mental Health Services; Mentors; Minority; Oregon; Outcome; Outcome Study; Parents; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Policies; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Process; Public Policy; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Records; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Running; San Francisco; Schools; Screening procedure; Sex Behavior; Social Interaction; Societies; Student Dropouts; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Teenagers; Time; Training; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Work; Youth; base; cost; cost effectiveness; depression; design; ethnic minority population; experience; girls; high risk; high school; inner city; interest; kindergarten; peer; programs; satisfaction; skills; social; success; symposium; teacher; third grade

Mentoring is widely viewed as an effective preventive intervention for a variety of youth problems and consequences, including conduct disorder and delinquency, academic failure and school dropout, substance use and abuse, and early sexual behavior and teen parenthood. In recent years, there has been strong support for mentoring programs from policymakers at the local, state, and federal levels. While there have been a variety of outcome studies on mentoring, and mentoring appears to have at least small, positive effects on youth in the short run,little is known about the long term influence of programs on the "high risk" children assumed to need mentoring the most, and almost nothing is known about how characteristics and qualities of the mentoring relationship are related to youth outcomes. We propose to conduct a longitudinal randomized controlled preventive intervention trial designed to assess the impacts of an established, privately funded, long term, intensive youth mentoring program called Friends of the Children (FOTC). FOTC partners with inner city public schools to identify and enroll kindergarten-age children thought to be at high risk for conduct disorder, academic failure, and teen parenthood due to serious levels and/or combinations of individual and family risk factors. FOTC mentors, called "Friends", are paid, full time employees who are rigorously trained and supervised. Friends work with not more than eight children at a time. Through FOTC, children are exposed to a variety of skill building and recreational experiences and assisted in accessing resources in a variety of areas, including academic and physical and mental health services. Participants for the study (N = 256; 80% minority, 50% girls) will be recruited through existing programs located within impoverished, inner city areas of Boston; San Francisco; Seattle; and Portland, Oregon. Children will be randomly assigned to either FOTC or a referral control condition. Children, their primary caregivers, and Friends will be assessed prior to program initiation in kindergarten, and during each subsequent year through the end of third grade. On an annual basis, primary teachers will be assessed; direct observations of Friend-child social interaction will be conducted; and school and FOTC program records will be collected. At each assessment, information will be collected on child behavioral, emotional, and academic adjustment, as well as on the quality and characteristics of child-peer, child-caregiver relations, child-Friend, and child-other adult (i.e., natural mentor) relationships. Analyses will examine child outcomes overtime; the impact of Friend-child relationship quality on program satisfaction, engagement, and persistence as well as on child outcomes; and differential effectiveness based on ethnicity, child gender, and baseline risk status. The findings from this study will have important implications for mentoring practice and policy.

指导被广泛视为针对各种青年问题的有效预防干预措施 后果，包括行为障碍和犯罪，学术失败和辍学的后果， 药物使用和滥用，以及早期的性行为和青少年父母。近年来， 在地方，州和联邦一级的决策者的指导计划中有很大的支持。那里 已经是各种各样的关于指导的结果研究，指导似乎至少具有很小的积极 短期对青年的影响，对计划对“高风险”的长期影响知之甚少 孩子们认为最需要指导的孩子，几乎一无所知 指导关系的素质与青年成果有关。我们建议进行纵向 旨在评估已建立的影响的随机对照预防性干预试验 私人资助，长期，密集的青年指导计划称为“儿童之友”（FOTC）。 fotc 与内城公立学校的合作伙伴，识别和注册幼儿园时代的儿童 由于严重的水平和/或组合，导致行为障碍，学术失败和青少年父母的风险 个人和家庭风险因素。 FOTC导师，称为“朋友”，是报酬的，全职员工 经过严格训练和监督。朋友一次与不超过八个孩子一起工作。通过fotc， 儿童暴露于各种技能建设和娱乐体验，并协助获得 各种领域的资源，包括学术和身心健康服务。参与者 该研究（n = 256; 80％的少数民族，50％的女孩）将通过位于 波士顿的内城区贫穷；旧金山；西雅图；和俄勒冈州波特兰。孩子会 随机分配给FOTC或转介控制条件。孩子，他们的主要照料者，以及 在幼儿园的计划启动之前，将对朋友进行评估 到三年级结束。每年将评估小学教师；直接观察 将进行亲子社会互动；将收集学校和FOTC计划记录。在 每项评估，将收集有关儿童行为，情感和学术调整的信息，例如 以及儿童培育者关系，儿童朋友和儿童的质量和特征 成人（即自然导师）关系。分析将检查儿童的成果加班；的影响 友谊的关系质量在计划满意度，参与度和持久性以及儿童上 结果；以及基于种族，儿童性别和基线风险状况的差异效果。这 这项研究的发现将对指导实践和政策具有重要意义。