Preventing HIV Risk Among Adolescent Orphans in Kenya

预防肯尼亚青少年孤儿的艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
7752851
负责人：
DENISE Dion HALLFORS
金额：
$ 22.35万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-01-08 至 2011-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7752851
关键词：
AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Adolescent Adult Affect Africa South of the Sahara African Age Area Attitude Award Behavior Behavior Control Biological Budgets Cessation of life Child Coitus Communities Complex Computer Assisted Contracts Control Groups Country Critiques Data Data Collection Development Devices Disease Dose Education Elderly Electronics Elements Enrollment Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Evaluation Experimental Designs Family Female Adolescents Food Foundations Funding Future Goals Grant HIV Hand functions Healthcare High Prevalence Human Rights Infection Intervention Interview Kenya Knowledge Language Learning Letters Life Link Longitudinal Surveys Manuals Manuscripts Measures Modeling National Institute of Child Health and Human Development North Carolina Orphan Outcome Parents Phase Pilot Projects Population Study Prevalence Prevention Principal Investigator Process Province Puberty Published Comment Randomized Recommendation Research Research Activity Research Personnel Resources Risk Risk Behaviors School Enrollments Schools Self Administration Self-Administered Shelter facility Site Social Controls Structure Students Suggestion Supervision Surveys Technology Teenagers Testing Time Translating Travel UNICEF USAID Variant Visit Water Work Writing Youth Zimbabwe aged avoidance of risky sexual behavior base cost delay sexual debut experience group intervention high risk sexual behavior high school informant insight meetings pandemic disease prevent programs sex sex risk sexually active skills teacher theories university student

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The AIDS pandemic has led to the illness and deaths of millions of adults in severely-affected countries, and has also led to millions of orphans. Worldwide, the number of children under age 18 who have lost one or both parents to AIDS stands at more than 15 million, and estimates are that this number will surpass 25 million by 2010. The vast majority - 11 million-of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa. As orphans reach puberty, they are more likely to become sexually active, placing them at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS themselves through sexual contact. This study will extend a comprehensive intervention ("Reach Out") to a neighboring community and test whether structural support for young adolescent orphans to continue school prevents HIV risk behaviors, over and above the provision of food, safe water, and health care. The study population is the Luo ethnic group in Nyanza Province, Kenya. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS among the Luo is 22%, 3 times higher than in Kenya as a whole. Specific aims for the proposed study are as follows: 1) To extend the Reach Out intervention to a neighboring community and test whether the school support elements delay sexual debut and prevent sexual risk behaviors, using an experimental design; and 2) To conduct a process evaluation of the extension of Reach Out and prepare a manual for further testing and replication. In order to test the effects of the school component on HIV prevention, 100 orphans, aged 13-14, will be randomized to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive the full Reach Out model; the control group will receive food and other basic needs, but not school support. Students will respond to a self administered longitudinal survey (Aim 1); Reach Out staff and other community informants will respond to qualitative interviews (Aim 2). Research activities will be jointly conducted by U.S. and Kenyan collaborators. The pilot study will provide a strong foundation for a larger replication and experimental testing of the Reach Out model for the prevention of HIV among orphans in other areas of Kenya and sub-Saharan Africa.

描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病大流行已导致受灾严重的国家数百万成年人患病和死亡，并造成数百万孤儿。在全世界范围内，因艾滋病失去父母一方或双亲的 18 岁以下儿童人数超过 1500 万，预计到 2010 年这一数字将超过 2500 万。其中绝大多数（1100 万）生活在撒哈拉以南非洲。当孤儿进入青春期时，他们更有可能变得性活跃，使他们面临通过性接触感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险。这项研究将把综合干预措施（“伸出援手”）扩展到邻近社区，并测试除了提供食物、安全饮水和医疗保健之外，对青少年孤儿继续上学的结构性支持是否可以预防艾滋病毒危险行为。研究人群为肯尼亚尼安萨省的罗族。洛族的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率为22%，是肯尼亚整体的3倍。本研究的具体目标如下： 1）将“Reach Out”干预措施扩展到邻近社区，并通过实验设计测试学校支持元素是否会延迟首次性行为并预防危险性行为； 2) 对“Reach Out”的扩展进行过程评估，并准备手册以供进一步测试和复制。为了测试学校部分对艾滋病毒预防的效果，100 名 13-14 岁的孤儿将被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组将收到完整的“Reach Out”模型；对照组将获得食物和其他基本需求，但不接受学校支持。学生将回答自我管理的纵向调查（目标 1）； Reach Out 工作人员和其他社区信息提供者将回应定性访谈（目标 2）。研究活动将由美国和肯尼亚合作者联合进行。该试点研究将为在肯尼亚和撒哈拉以南非洲其他地区的孤儿中预防艾滋病毒的“外展”模式进行更大规模的复制和实验测试奠定坚实的基础。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Process and outcome evaluation of a community intervention for orphan adolescents in western Kenya.

DOI：
10.1007/s10900-012-9548-x
发表时间：
2012-10
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Hallfors, Denise D.;Cho, Hyunsan;Mbai, Isabella;Milimo, Benson;Itindi, Janet
通讯作者：
Itindi, Janet