Novel Biophotonics Methodology for Colon Cancer Screening

用于结肠癌筛查的新型生物光子学方法

• 批准号: 7786197
• 负责人: Vadim Backman
• 金额: $ 156.74万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-05 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7786197
• 关键词: Aberrant crypt foci; Academia; Adenomatous Polyps; Age; Alcohol consumption; American; Animals; Apoptosis; Area; Benign; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biomedical Engineering; Biometry; Biophotonics; Biostatistics Core; Body mass index; Cancer Biology; Cancer Etiology; Carcinoma; Cells; Cervical Cancer Screening; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chicago; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Data; Clinical Medicine; Clinical Research; Colitis; Collaborations; Colon; Colon Carcinoma; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Cancer; Complication; Contracts; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Databases; Demographic Factors; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Dysplasia; Electrical Engineering; Ensure; Family history of; Fecal occult blood; Fingerprint; Flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy; Four-dimensional; Funding; Future; Gastroenterologist; Gastroenterology; Genetic; Genus Cola; Goals; Grant; Healthcare; Histologic; Housing; Human; Incidence; Indiana; Industry; Information Sciences; Institution; International; Internet; Intestines; Leadership; Lesion; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Manuscripts; Methodology; Monitor; Mucous Membrane; Multi-Institutional Clinical Trial; Neoplasms; Normal tissue morphology; Optics; Outcome; Pap smear; Patient Noncompliance; Patient Recruitments; Patients; Performance; Physics; Plague; Polyps; Population; Predictive Value; Premalignant; Preparation; Primary Care Physician; Procedures; Proliferation Marker; Publications; Publishing; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Rectum; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal Transduction; Site; Smoking; Solutions; Spectrum Analysis; Stratification; Structure; Supervision; Target Populations; Techniques; Technology; Teleconferences; Test Result; Testing; Time; Tissues; Translations; Triage; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Validation; Woman; adenoma; base; cancer chemoprevention; cancer prevention; clinical research site; college; colon carcinogenesis; colorectal cancer prevention; colorectal cancer screening; cost; data exchange; data integration; experience; high risk; in vivo; innovation; instrument; instrumentation; light scattering; meetings; minimally invasive; multidisciplinary; nano; neoplastic; novel; programs; public health relevance; purge; quantum; rectal; software development; statistics; technology development; technology validation; tool; user-friendly; validation studies

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a proposal to establish a Bioengineering Research Partnership (BRP) to develop a novel biophotonics methodology for population-wide colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. While colonoscopy has remarkable efficacy at both diagnosis and malignancy prevention, CRC remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths largely because the vast majority (>80%) of Americans do not undergo colonoscopy. Unfortunately, screening the entire eligible population (>87 million Americans over age 50) through colonoscopy is practically impossible because of cost, patient non-compliance, complications and lack of sufficient endoscopic capacity. Instead of performing colonoscopy on the entire population, targeting the group at risk for developing neoplasia would allow focusing of this finite endoscopic resource on subjects who will actually benefit from this test. However, no existing pre-colonoscopic screening test has adequate sensitivity and predictive value. The proposed program is based on two novel, complementary biophotonics techniques, elastic light scattering fingerprinting (ELF) and low-coherence enhanced backscattering (LEBS) spectroscopy developed by our multidisciplinary team comprised of biomedical and electrical engineers, physicists, gastroenterologists, cancer biologists, and biostatisticians. A key capability of ELF and LEBS is that they sense changes in histologically normal tissue at a distance from a precancerous lesion. These spectral markers represent the only currently known, highly accurate and practical means of detecting the "field effect" of colon cancer. This opens a possibility to identifying patients who may harbor neoplasia by assessment of histologically and colonoscopically normal-appearing rectal mucosa only. Based on our preliminary data, we hypothesize that ELF/LEBS will be able to identify subjects who do and do not harbor neoplasia anywhere in the colon based on the optical alterations in the rectal mucosa that will be assessed without the need for colonoscopy and bowel preparation. The lack of bowel preparation and the unprecedented sensitivity may make the proposed technique an ideal tool for pre-colonoscopy CRC screening. We propose to develop instrumentations that clinicians will find user friendly and perform a definitive multicenter validation study using 4000 patients. Once completed, this approach will provide a quantum leap towards the first population-wide CRC screening. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Although colonoscopy is efficient at colon cancer prevention, it is practically impossible to use colonoscopy for population screening and the development of an initial, pre-colonoscopy screening test is urgently needed. We propose to develop a non-invasive test for population colon cancer screening that is based on a new biophotonics technology. The test will require the optical examination of rectal tissue without colonoscopy and bowel preparation and will identify the presence of precancerous lesions throughout the entire colon. In the future, this test can be implemented during an annual exam by a primary care physician to determine the need for colonoscopy.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是建立生物工程研究伙伴关系（BRP）的一项建议，以开发一种新型的人群结肠直肠癌（CRC）筛查的生物光谱方法。尽管结肠镜检查在诊断和预防恶性肿瘤方面具有显着的功效，但CRC仍然是癌症死亡的第二大原因，主要是因为绝大多数美国人不接受结肠镜检查。不幸的是，由于成本，患者不合规，并发症和缺乏足够的内窥镜能力，通过结肠镜检查筛查整个合格人群（> 50岁以上的美国人）几乎是不可能的。针对有限的内窥镜资源，将面对肿瘤的危险的群体的态度无需对整个人群进行结肠镜检查，而是将其重点放在实际上将从该测试中受益的受试者上。但是，没有现有的前侧角筛查测试具有足够的灵敏度和预测价值。该计划基于两种小说，互补的生物体系技术，弹性光散射指纹（ELF）和低糖性增强了反向散射（LEB）光谱疗法，由我们的多学科团队组成，由生物医学和电气工程师，物理学家，化理学，癌症生物学家和生物学家和生物学家和生物学家和生物学家，和癌症生物学家和生物学家，以及。小精灵和LEB的关键能力是，他们感觉到与癌前病变距离的组织学正常组织的变化。这些光谱标记代表了目前唯一已知的，高度准确和实用的方法，用于检测结肠癌的“现场效应”。这可以通过评估组织学和结肠镜上正常表现的直肠粘膜来识别可能怀有肿瘤的患者的可能性。根据我们的初步数据，我们假设ELF/LEB将能够根据直肠粘膜的光学变化来识别出在结肠中任何地方的受试者，而这些受试者将在无需结肠镜检查和肠子制备的情况下进行评估。缺乏排便和前所未有的灵敏度可能使提出的技术成为预内镜检查前CRC筛查的理想工具。我们建议开发仪器，临床医生会发现用户友好并使用4000名患者进行确定的多中心验证研究。完成后，这种方法将为首次范围内的CRC筛查提供量子飞跃。 公共卫生相关性：尽管结肠镜检查在预防结肠癌方面是有效的，但实际上不可能将结肠镜检查用于人口筛查，并且迫切需要进行初始的，骨镜检查前筛查测试。我们建议针对基于新的生物探测技术的种群结肠癌筛查进行非侵入性测试。该测试将需要对直肠组织进行光学检查，而无需结肠镜检查和肠子制剂，并将确定整个结肠中癌前病变的存在。将来，该测试可以在初级保健医师的年度考试中实施，以确定结肠镜检查的需求。