Exploring the Import of Health-Related Residential Mobility to Local Area Studies

探索与健康相关的居住流动性对当地研究的重要性

• 批准号: 7931861
• 负责人: Arline T Geronimus
• 金额: $ 8.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7931861
• 关键词: Address; Age; Area; Censuses; Characteristics; Code; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Future; Gender; Health; Health Policy; Life; Life Expectancy; Michigan; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Persons; Physical environment; Policy Making; Population; Probability; Public Health; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Respondent; Sampling; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Update; Vital Statistics; Work; base; experience; health disparity; improved; interest; migration; mortality; population health; racial and ethnic; residence; social; social disparities; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exploring the Import of Health-related Residential Mobility to Local Area Studies Description / Summary: Although most studies of place effects on health are ecological or multilevel analyses of cross-sectional data, findings are often interpreted as evidence that neighborhood context impacts health beyond the composition of the resident population. This interpretation implicitly assumes that local populations are static, although clearly they are dynamic, and the changes they experience could be health-related. If residential mobility across local areas is health-related, common contextual interpretations of cross-sectional findings might be misleading. Few investigators have addressed this question because few data sets provide information on health and migration and have sufficiently large samples to study migration across local areas. However, information on respondents' place of residence 5 years prior to the Census was collected to the ZIP code level for the first time in the 2000 Census, providing the opportunity to explore this research question. Yet, because ZIP code data for this item are relatively new and available only to investigators who successfully apply to use confidential census data, their quality has not been established. We have been authorized to analyze these data at the Michigan Census Research Data Center to test the hypothesis that selective migration contributes to the observed local geographic patterning of health. This exploratory and developmental project will build on our previous work by first updating to the year 2000 local area morbidity and mortality analyses we conducted for 1980 and1990 using standard demographic statistical techniques applied to census and vital statistics data. Second, we will explore the quality of 2000 Census data on prior place of residence at the ZIP code level. Third, we will estimate the association between health and the probability that a person moved into or out of our specific local areas between the years 1995 and 2000, and the impact of differential migration on the health of the population remaining in each area in 2000. The assessment of the validity of 2000 Census data on prior place of residence, overall, and for studying community-specific moves, in particular, is developmental. It will provide highly valuable information to the many researchers interested in neighborhood dynamics for various scientific purposes, including ones that are not health-related. In addition, because local area studies are increasingly used to inform public health policy, exploring whether selective migration is a sustainable competing explanation to place effects for understanding dramatic differences in mortality profiles observed across local areas is critical for identifying the most promising future directions for research on racial/ethnic and socioeconomic health disparities. Project / Narrative Researchers have found that where people live in the United States is associated with their health and life- expectancy, even among people of the same race, gender, or age or living in communities with similar socioeconomic characteristics. But most such studies cannot distinguish between whether this association reflects the impact of different social and physical environments on health or the possibility that people=s decision to move to new places might be related to their health. The proposed research uses new Census data that should allow us to distinguish between these competing explanations and, thus, may provide an improved basis for continued research and policy making to reduce social disparities in health.

描述（由申请人提供）：探索与健康相关的居住流动性对当地研究的重要性 描述/摘要：虽然大多数关于地方对健康影响的研究都是对横截面数据进行生态或多层次分析，但研究结果通常被解释为以下证据：邻里环境对健康的影响超出了常住人口的构成。这种解释隐含地假设当地人口是静态的，尽管他们显然是动态的，而且他们经历的变化可能与健康有关。如果当地地区的居住流动性与健康相关，那么对横截面研究结果的常见背景解释可能会产生误导。很少有研究人员解决这个问题，因为很少有数据集提供有关健康和移民的信息，并且有足够大的样本来研究跨地区的移民。然而，2000 年人口普查首次将人口普查前 5 年受访者的居住地信息收集到邮政编码级别，为探索这一研究问题提供了机会。然而，由于该项目的邮政编码数据相对较新，并且仅适用于成功申请使用机密人口普查数据的调查人员，因此其质量尚未确定。我们已被授权在密歇根人口普查研究数据中心分析这些数据，以检验选择性移民有助于观察到的当地健康地理格局的假设。这个探索性和发展性项目将建立在我们以前的工作的基础上，首先将我们使用适用于人口普查和生命统计数据的标准人口统计技术对 1980 年和 1990 年进行的 2000 年当地发病率和死亡率分析进行更新。其次，我们将探讨 2000 年人口普查中邮政编码级别先前居住地数据的质量。第三，我们将估计1995年至2000年间健康与某人迁入或迁出我们特定地区的概率之间的关联，以及2000年差异性迁移对留在每个地区的人口健康的影响。总体而言，对 2000 年人口普查数据关于先前居住地的有效性的评估，特别是对于研究特定社区搬迁的有效性，是发展性的。它将为许多对社区动态感兴趣的研究人员提供非常有价值的信息，以用于各种科学目的，包括与健康无关的目的。此外，由于当地研究越来越多地用于为公共卫生政策提供信息，因此探索选择性移民是否是一种可持续的竞争性解释，以了解当地观察到的死亡率概况的巨大差异，这对于确定未来最有希望的研究方向至关重要关于种族/族裔和社会经济健康差异。项目/叙述 研究人员发现，人们在美国居住的地方与他们的健康和预期寿命相关，即使是相同种族、性别或年龄的人或生活在具有相似社会经济特征的社区的人也是如此。但大多数此类研究无法区分这种关联是否反映了不同社会和物理环境对健康的影响，或者人们搬到新地方的决定可能与他们的健康有关。拟议的研究使用新的人口普查数据，这应该使我们能够区分这些相互竞争的解释，从而可以为继续研究和政策制定提供更好的基础，以减少健康方面的社会差距。