High Resolution Detectors for Single Photon Cardiac Imaging

用于单光子心脏成像的高分辨率探测器

• 批准号: 7700096
• 负责人: GERALD ENTINE
• 金额: $ 44万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-15 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7700096
• 关键词: Address; Animal Experimentation; Area; Behavior; Brain; Bromides; Caliber; California; Cardiac; Cerium; Charge; Cherry - dietary; Classification; Collaborations; Collection; Collimator; Coronary Arteriosclerosis; Coupled; Coupling; Data Display; Electrons; Elements; Evaluation; Family; Financial compensation; Floods; Gamma Rays; Goals; Growth; Healthcare; Heart; Human; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Investigation; Iodides; Isotopes; Kidney; Laboratories; Lanthanum; Length; Light; Liver; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Medical Imaging; Methods; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial perfusion; Optics; Organ; Output; Patients; Performance; Phase; Photons; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Property; Prostate; Radial; Radioisotopes; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Saints; San Francisco; Skeletal system; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Stroke; Strontium; Structure; System; Temperature; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; Tube; Universities; base; cold temperature; commercialization; cost; design; detector; imaging detector; imaging modality; improved; instrumentation; liver function; luminescence; melting; nervous system disorder; photomultiplier; public health relevance; response; single photon emission computed tomography; statistics; thallium-doped sodium iodide; tool; two-dimensional

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High Resolution Detectors for Single Photon Cardiac Imaging Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a powerful, noninvasive medical imaging modality that mathematically reconstructs the three dimensional distribution of a radionuclide throughout the body of a human patient or a research animal. Typically, the collected data are displayed and evaluated as a set of two-dimensional images through the organ or diseased area under investigation. SPECT allows quantitative study of the function in the investigated region and therefore is an extremely useful tool for understanding organ and tissue physiology including that in the heart. SPECT is very commonly used in identifying as well as localizing coronary artery disease and as many as 90% of all myocardial perfusion studies are now performed using SPECT. Thus, SPECT is playing a critical role in cardiac imaging, providing both diagnosis as well as prognosis. However, there is urgent need for improvement in the instrumentation that is currently used for this imaging modality and expand its capabilities in order to exploit its full potential. At present, the performance of SPECT systems often is limited by the detectors used in these systems. Modern SPECT systems consist of scintillation crystals coupled to photomultiplier tubes as detectors. Important requirements for scintillators used in SPECT applications include high light output and high energy resolution, reasonably fast response and high gamma ray stopping efficiency. Ideally, the scintillator should also be inexpensive, rugged and easy to manufacture. Currently, NaI(Tl) is the detector of choice in SPECT systems and it is relatively inexpensive and its light output is fairly large. However, the poor energy resolution of NaI(Tl) often limits SPECT performance. The energy resolution of NaI:Tl is limited by its relatively poor proportionality. If scintillators with higher energy resolution at typical SPECT energies (~140 keV) were available, the essential process of scatter rejection would improve. Furthermore, dual-isotope imaging, which is a unique property of SPECT, would also become possible if scintillators with high energy resolution became available. The goal of the proposed effort is to investigate a new high resolution detector for SPECT studies. Enhanced scatter rejection can be expected along with possibility of dual isotope imaging. The Phase I project will be aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed concept, while the Phase II project will be aimed at optimization of the new detector, implementation of the prototype module and detailed performance evaluation.

描述（由申请人提供）：用于单光子心脏成像的高分辨率探测器 单光子发射计算机断层扫描 (SPECT) 是一种功能强大的非侵入性医学成像模式，可通过数学方式重建放射性核素在人类患者或身体各处的三维分布。研究动物。通常，收集的数据作为一组穿过所调查的器官或患病区域的二维图像进行显示和评估。 SPECT 可以对研究区域的功能进行定量研究，因此是了解器官和组织生理学（包括心脏）的极其有用的工具。 SPECT 非常常用于识别和定位冠状动脉疾病，现在多达 90% 的心肌灌注研究都是使用 SPECT 进行的。因此，SPECT 在心脏成像中发挥着关键作用，提供诊断和预后。然而，迫切需要改进目前用于这种成像模式的仪器并扩展其功能，以充分发挥其潜力。目前，SPECT 系统的性能常常受到这些系统中使用的探测器的限制。现代 SPECT 系统由与光电倍增管耦合的闪烁晶体组成，作为探测器。 SPECT 应用中使用的闪烁体的重要要求包括高光输出和高能量分辨率、相当快的响应和高伽马射线停止效率。理想情况下，闪烁体还应该便宜、坚固且易于制造。目前，NaI(Tl) 是 SPECT 系统中首选的探测器，它相对便宜且光输出相当大。然而，NaI(Tl) 较差的能量分辨率常常限制 SPECT 性能。 NaI:Tl 的能量分辨率因其相对较差的比例性而受到限制。如果可以使用在典型 SPECT 能量（约 140 keV）下具有更高能量分辨率的闪烁体，那么散射抑制的基本过程将会得到改善。此外，如果具有高能量分辨率的闪烁体可用，双同位素成像（SPECT 的独特性质）也将成为可能。拟议工作的目标是研究一种用于 SPECT 研究的新型高分辨率探测器。可以预期增强的散射抑制以及双同位素成像的可能性。第一阶段项目将旨在证明所提出概念的可行性，而第二阶段项目将旨在优化新探测器、实施原型模块和详细性能评估。