Spatial Hearing in Children with Normal Hearing and Bilateral Cochlear Implants

听力正常且双侧人工耳蜗植入儿童的空间听力

• 批准号: 7753770
• 负责人: Ruth Y Litovsky
• 金额: $ 0.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-04 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7753770
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Age; Auditory; Auditory system; Benchmarking; Bilateral; Biological; Child; Childhood; Cochlear Implants; Complex; Contralateral; Cues; Decision Making; Development; Ear; Environment; Goals; Head; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Human; Implant; Individual; Learning; Left; Life; Linguistics; Location; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Noise; Performance; Plant Roots; Population; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Visual; Work; auditory deprivation; deafness; experience; hearing impairment; precedence effect; premature; programs; relating to nervous system; research clinical testing; skills; tool; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this research is to understand how children hear in complex auditory environments. Spatial hearing, the ability to understanding speech in background noise and suppression of interference from echoes (precedence effect; PE) will be studied in children with normal hearing and in deaf children who received bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). Aim 1 is to investigate the maturational progression of spatial hearing in complex acoustic environments, and the degradation that noise and echoes have on these abilities. We will test the hypothesis that spatial hearing skills are well developed early in life under simple conditions but not under complex, challenging conditions, such as when competing signals, echoes or noise are present. Aim 2 is to investigate Speech intelligibility in a multi-source environment in normal-hearing children. The decrease in masking due to spatial separation of the target and interferers (spatial release from masking; SRM) will be the focus of this work. We will test hypotheses regarding the maturation of centrally- mediated auditory abilities during childhood. Studies in Aims 1 and 2 will also provide important benchmarks for understanding the significance of bilateral benefits in children with hearing loss, and in particular for a growing population of children with bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). In Aim 3, using measures from Aims 1 and 2, benefits of BI-CIs will be studied in groups of children that vary according to auditory experience prior to, and following, activation of their second implant. It is hypothesized that children with simultaneous BI-CIs will be on a quicker trajectory for emergence of bilateral benefits than children with sequential BI-CIs; that differences will be significantly diminished after 2 years of bilateral experience; that children with post- lingual deafness will perform better than those with pre-lingual deafness due to early establishment of binaural circuitry. The proposed work will help us to better understand the development of functions that are important in everyday situations. The measures developed here can be eventually implemented in clinical evaluations of amplification and fitting strategies. Findings from the BI-CI studies will provide quantitative measures of bilateral benefit in children and will be enlightening about the role of auditory plasticity and experience in a young human population.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究的总体目标是了解儿童在复杂的听觉环境中的听到。空间听力，在背景噪声中理解语音的能力以及抑制回声的干扰（PRECEDENCE效应； PE）的能力将在正常听力的儿童以及接受双侧耳蜗植入物（BI-CIS）的聋哑儿童中进行研究。目的1是研究复杂的声学环境中空间听力的成熟进展，以及噪声和回声对这些能力的退化。我们将检验以下假设：在简单条件下，空间听力技能在生活的早期就已经发达，但在复杂，具有挑战性的条件下，例如存在竞争信号，回声或噪音时。 AIM 2是调查正常儿童多源环境中的语音清晰度。由于掩盖目标和干扰物的空间分离而导致的掩蔽减少（从掩蔽中释放； SRM）将是这项工作的重点。我们将检验有关儿童期间中心介导的听觉能力成熟的假设。目标1和2中的研究还将提供重要的基准，以理解双边益处对听力损失儿童的重要性，尤其是对越来越多的双边耳蜗植入物（BI-CIS）的儿童越来越多。在AIM 3中，使用AIM 1和2的措施，将以根据在第二种植入物的激活之前和随后根据听觉经验而变化的儿童组中研究BI-CI的益处。假设同时BI-CIS的儿童比顺序BI-CIS的儿童更快地涉及双边益处的出现。两年的双边经验后，这种差异将大大减少；由于早期建立双耳电路，患有后话语的儿童的表现会比那些具有语言前耳聋的孩子表现更好。拟议的工作将帮助我们更好地了解日常情况下重要的功能的发展。最终可以在放大和拟合策略的临床评估中实施此处开发的措施。 BI-CI研究的发现将提供儿童双边益处的定量度量，并将启发听觉可塑性和经验在年轻人口中的作用。