Spatial Hearing in Children with Normal Hearing and Bilateral Cochlear Implants

听力正常且双侧人工耳蜗植入儿童的空间听力

• 批准号: 7633094
• 负责人: Ruth Y Litovsky
• 金额: $ 2.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-04 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7633094
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Age; Auditory; Auditory system; Benchmarking; Bilateral; Biological; Child; Childhood; Cochlear Implants; Complex; Condition; Contralateral; Cues; Decision Making; Development; Ear; Elevation; Environment; Goals; Head; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Human; Implant; Individual; Learning; Left; Life; Linguistics; Location; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Noise; Numbers; Performance; Plant Roots; Population; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Visual; Work; auditory deprivation; deafness; experience; hearing impairment; precedence effect; programs; relating to nervous system; research clinical testing; skills; tool; virtual

The overall goal of this research is to understand how children hear in complex auditory environments. Spatial hearing, the ability to understanding speech in background noise and suppression of interference from echoes (precedence effect; PE) will be studied in children with normal hearing and in deaf children who received bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). Aim 1 is to investigate the maturational progression of spatial hearing in complex acoustic environments, and the degradation that noise and echoes have on these abilities. We will test the hypothesis that spatial hearing skills are well developed early in life under simple conditions but not under complex, challenging conditions, such as when competing signals, echoes or noise are present. Aim 2 is to investigate Speech intelligibility in a multi-source environment in normal-hearing children. The decrease in masking due to spatial separation of the target and interferers (spatial release from masking; SRM) will be the focus of this work. We will test hypotheses regarding the maturation of centrally- mediated auditory abilities during childhood. Studies in Aims 1 and 2 will also provide important benchmarks for understanding the significance of bilateral benefits in children with hearing loss, and in particular for a growing population of children with bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). In Aim 3, using measures from Aims 1 and 2, benefits of BI-CIs will be studied in groups of children that vary according to auditory experience prior to, and following, activation of their second implant. It is hypothesized that children with simultaneous BI-CIs will be on a quicker trajectory for emergence of bilateral benefits than children with sequential BI-CIs; that differences will be significantly diminished after 2 years of bilateral experience; that children with post- lingual deafness will perform better than those with pre-lingual deafness due to early establishment of binaural circuitry. The proposed work will help us to better understand the development of functions that are important in everyday situations. The measures developed here can be eventually implemented in clinical evaluations of amplification and fitting strategies. Findings from the BI-CI studies will provide quantitative measures of bilateral benefit in children and will be enlightening about the role of auditory plasticity and experience in a young human population.

这项研究的总体目标是了解儿童在复杂的听觉环境中如何听到声音。 空间听觉，在背景噪音中理解语音和抑制干扰的能力 回声（优先效应；PE）将在听力正常的儿童和聋哑儿童中进行研究 接受双侧人工耳蜗植入（BI-CI）。目标 1 是研究空间的成熟进程 复杂声学环境中的听力，以及噪声和回声对听力的影响 能力。我们将检验这样一个假设：空间听觉技能在生命早期就在简单的条件下得到了很好的发展。 但不是在复杂、具有挑战性的条件下，例如竞争信号、回声或噪声时 存在。目标 2 是研究正常听力下多源环境中的语音清晰度 孩子们。由于目标和干扰物的空间分离（来自干扰物的空间释放）而导致的掩蔽减少 掩蔽; SRM）将是这项工作的重点。我们将检验有关中央集权成熟度的假设 童年时期的听觉能力。目标 1 和 2 的研究也将提供重要的基准 了解双边利益对听力损失儿童的重要性，特别是对于 双侧人工耳蜗 (BI-CI) 儿童数量不断增加。在目标 3 中，使用目标中的措施 1 和 2，BI-CI 的好处将在根据听觉体验而变化的儿童群体中进行研究 在激活第二个植入物之前和之后。据推测，患有同时性 与连续接受 BI-CI 的儿童相比，BI-CI 能够更快地实现双边利益； 经过两年的双边经验后，差异将显着减少；那些患有后期的孩子 由于较早建立了语言障碍，因此舌聋患者的表现会比语前聋患者表现得更好。 双耳电路。拟议的工作将帮助我们更好地了解以下功能的开发 在日常情况下很重要。这里制定的措施最终可以应用于临床 放大和拟合策略的评估。 BI-CI 研究结果将提供定量 儿童双边利益的衡量标准，将对听觉可塑性和听觉可塑性的作用具有启发性 年轻人口的经验。