How infant-directed speech organizes the attentional state of infants

面向婴儿的言语如何组织婴儿的注意力状态

• 批准号: 10887662
• 负责人: Jeremy Isaac Borjon
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10887662
• 关键词: Achievement; Acoustics; Adult; Age; Age Months; Attention; Behavior; Cardiac; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child Development; Childhood; Cognitive; Collection; Coupled; Data; Deceleration; Development; Emotional; Environment; Eye; Eye Movements; Graph; Head; Hearing; Heart Rate; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Infant Health; Internet; Intervention; Intuition; Language; Language Development; Learning; Link; Literature; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Movement; Names; Organism; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Physiological; Play; Process; Property; Research; Risk; Role; Schools; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Interaction; Speech; Speed; Testing; Time; Toy; Training; Visual; Visual attention; Vocabulary; Voice; career; cognitive process; cohort; executive function; falls; gaze; infancy; multimodality; phrases; scaffold; sensor; skills; social; sound; sustained attention; theories; visual tracking; vocalization; wireless; Achievement; Acoustics; Adult; Age; Age Months; Attention; Behavior; Cardiac; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child Development; Childhood; Cognitive; Collection; Coupled; Data; Deceleration; Development; Emotional; Environment; Eye; Eye Movements; Graph; Head; Hearing; Heart Rate; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Infant Health; Internet; Intervention; Intuition; Language; Language Development; Learning; Link; Literature; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Movement; Names; Organism; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Physiological; Play; Process; Property; Research; Risk; Role; Schools; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Interaction; Speech; Speed; Testing; Time; Toy; Training; Visual; Visual attention; Vocabulary; Voice; career; cognitive process; cohort; executive function; falls; gaze; infancy; multimodality; phrases; scaffold; sensor; skills; social; sound; sustained attention; theories; visual tracking; vocalization; wireless

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Social interactions with mature social partners scaffold and support far-reaching developmental outcomes including vocabulary development, school achievement, self-control, and executive functioning. Despite being critical to the healthy and successful development of infants, the mechanisms by which mature social partners can influence development is not clear. An emerging literature suggests caregivers influence infant development by directly influencing the infant’s internal state, including changes in autonomic activity. The proposed research connects the vocalizations of mature social partners with infant autonomic activity and sustained attention, a cognitive milestone highly predictive of individual differences in infant visual attention, self-control, language, and later school achievement. The proposed research is focused on identifying the acoustic features of the social partner’s voice and how those properties influence autonomic state and sustained visual attention to objects in 12- to 24-month old infants, ages when individual differences emerge with predictive consequences. The overarching hypothesis is that the acoustic properties of caregiver voice act on the autonomic state of the infant, supporting sustained visual attention. As such, the proposed studies measure multiple components of infant behavior: eye gaze, body movement, and heart rate, by using methodologies such as head-mounted eye- tracking and an in-house built wireless vest equipped with state-of-the-art sensors in addition to the voice of the mature social partners. Specific Aim 1 (K99) uses an experimental paradigm to manipulate, identify, and link specific acoustic features of heard vocalizations to the autonomic state of infants and to looking duration during active visual exploration of objects in naturalistic play. Specific Aim 2 (R00) will longitudinally measure the development of individual differences in visual attention and object name learning in relation to caregiver vocalizations and their effect on autonomic state. Analyses will examine individual developmental trajectories and the emergence of individual differences in sustained visual attention and name learning in relation to the effects of caregiver vocalization on autonomic state. The proposed research will advance the field by linking the role of in-the-moment measures of caregiver vocalization, to infant gaze and infant autonomic activity to long- term developmental outcomes such as self-regulated attention and learning, providing a potential new path to determining targets for intervention for at-risk infants. In pursuing these research objectives, the applicant will complete a tailored set of scientific and professional development activities that go beyond the applicant’s current training. This will include training in the collection and analysis of large, multimodal, longitudinal data, training in graph theoretic network analysis, and advanced training in the measurement and analysis of sustained attention. Coupled with the applicant’s previous training, this skillset will prepare the applicant to launch an independent research career that is well-grounded in theory, multi-faceted in methodology, interdisciplinary, and with translational implications.

项目摘要/摘要 与成熟的社会合作伙伴脚手架的社会互动并支持深远的发展成果 包括词汇发展，学校成就，自我控制和执行功能。尽管是 对于婴儿的健康和成功发展至关重要，这是成熟社会伴侣的机制 可以影响发展尚不清楚。新兴文献表明，护理人员会影响婴儿的发展 通过直接影响婴儿的内部状态，包括自主活动的变化。拟议的研究 将成熟社会伙伴的发声与婴儿自主活动和持续关注联系起来， 认知里程碑高度预测婴儿视觉关注，自我控制，语言和语言的个体差异 后来的学校成就。拟议的研究重点是确定社会的声学特征 合作伙伴的声音以及这些特性如何影响自主状态并持续关注对象 12到24个月大的婴儿，当个体差异出现并带来预测后果时，年龄。这 总体假设是，看护人语音的声学性能在婴儿的自主状态下作用， 支持持续的视觉关注。因此，拟议的研究测量了婴儿的多个成分 行为：通过使用诸如头式眼睛 - 跟踪和内部建造的无线背心，配备了最先进的传感器，除了声音 成熟的社会伙伴。特定目标1（K99）使用实验范式来操纵，识别和链接 听到的发声的特定声学特征是婴儿的自主状态，并在期间寻找持续时间 在自然主义游戏中对物体的积极视觉探索。特定的目标2（R00）将纵向测量 与看护人有关的视觉注意和对象名称学习的个体差异的发展 发声及其对自主状态的影响。分析将检查个体的发展轨迹 以及与之相关的持续视觉关注和名称学习中个体差异的出现 照顾者发声对自主状态的影响。拟议的研究将通过联系 照顾者发声的态度衡量，婴儿凝视和婴儿自主神经活动的作用 术语发展结果，例如自我调节的关注和学习，为通往 确定危险婴儿干预的靶标。在追求这些研究目标时，适用的将 完成一套量身定制的科学和专业发展活动，超出了申请人的当前 训练。这将包括在集合和分析大型，多模式，纵向数据的培训中，培训 在测量和分析持续注意力的测量和分析中图形理论网络分析以及高级培训。 再加上申请人以前的培训，此技能集将使申请人准备启动独立 理论上良好的研究职业，在方法论，跨学科以及与 翻译含义。