DEVELOPMENT OF SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC OLFACTORY GLOMERULI

性二态性嗅球的发育

• 批准号: 6243679
• 负责人: JOHN G HILDEBRAND
• 金额: $ 10.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6243679
• 关键词: Manduca; central neural pathway /tract; developmental neurobiology; experimental brain lesion; gender difference; glia; histogenesis; histology; hormone regulation /control mechanism; intercellular connection; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroendocrine system; neurogenesis; olfactory lobe; pheromone; sensory receptors; sensory signal detection; tissue /cell culture

An important challenge in developmental neurobiology is to unravel mechanisms responsible for the influences exerted by afferent innervation on the development of its targets. Good examples of such phenomena are found in the olfactory system. In the brains of all species studied to date, development of the primary olfactory center with its characteristic array of synaptic glomeruli depends dramatically on innervation by primary- afferent axons of olfactory receptor cells. How sensory axons control the formation of glomeruli, and how odotopy -- the orderly spatial representation of attributes of odor molecules -- arises in the glomerular array, are pressing problems. This project will focus on the development of individual glomeruli and their uniglomerular projection neurons, endowed with characteristic "molecular receptive range" properties and will take advantage of a remarkable model system, the sexually dimorphic olfactors lobe in the brain of Manduca sexta. In particular, we will investigate the postembryonic development of the prominent macroglomerular complex in the male's olfactory lobes. This unique complex receives primary-afferent inputs solely from male-specific olfactory receptor cells, which induce the formation of the macroglomerular complex and are specialized to detect individual components of the female's sex-pheromone blend. The complex comprises two glomerular substructures, each of which receives and processes primary-afferent input about a different one of the two key components of the blend. These identified, odotopically defined glomeruli also contain neurites of male-specific central neurons, most notably uniglomerular projection neurons, which participate in specialized synaptic circuitry for processing sensory input about pheromone. As specific aims, the proposed studies ask: (1) how the macroglomerular complex develops, (2) what role(s) glial cells play in its development, (30 whether there are quantitative and temporal requirements for male-afferent control of its development, and (4) whether male-specific sensory axons have molecular specializations that might be responsible for induction of the macroglomerular complex. The ultimate goals of the line of research represented by this proposal are; (a) to ascertain the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the decisive role of sensory axons in the development of glomeruli, (b) to discover how primary-afferent and central elements ultimately destined to have similar, distinctive molecular receptive ranges come to associate with each other, and (c) to determine whether glial cells participate in the development of all of the glomeruli in a particular species. This is the first effort, in any species, to ascertain developmental processes and mechanisms underlying morphogenesis of anatomically identified olfactory glomeruli with known functional specificity. This research promises to add significantly to understanding of cell-cell interactions in the development of functionally specialized, modular neuropil in the central nervous system and thus to fuel progress toward improved understanding and treatment of developmental disorders of sensory systems.

发育神经生物学中的一个重要挑战是解体 导致传入神经施加的影响的机制 关于其目标的发展。 这种现象的好例子是 在嗅觉系统中发现。 在所有研究的物种的大脑中 日期，主要嗅觉中心的发展及其特征 突触肾小球阵列急剧取决于原发性的神经支配 嗅觉受体细胞的传入轴突。 感觉轴突如何控制 肾小球的形成和远程证据 - 有序的空间 气味分子属性的表示 - 在肾小球中出现 数组，正在紧迫的问题。 该项目将重点介绍单个肾小球的发展和 它们的单位性投射神经元具有特征性 “分子接受范围”特性，并将利用 杰出的模型系统，大脑中的性二态嗅觉器叶 Manduca Sexta。 特别是，我们将调查胚胎后 在男性的巨大粒细胞复合物的发展 嗅觉裂片。 这个独特的复合物接收了主要的输入 仅来自男性特异性嗅觉受体细胞，诱导 大斜体复合物的形成，专门用于检测 雌性性皮肤素混合物的个别成分。 综合体 包括两个肾小球子结构，每个子结构都会收到和 处理两个键中的不同的主要输入 混合的组成部分。 这些确定的，源自定义的肾小球 还包含男性特异性中枢神经元的神经突，最著名的是 参与专业突触的单位性投射神经元 用于处理信息素的感觉输入的电路。 按照特定的目的，拟议的研究提出：（1） 复杂发展，（2）胶质细胞在其发育中起什么作用，（30 男性是否有定量和时间要求 控制其发育，（4）男性特异性感觉轴突是否 具有可能负责诱导的分子专业 宏观粒细胞复合物。 研究线的最终目标 由该提议代表； （a）确定细胞和 感觉轴突决定性作用的分子机制 glomeruli的开发，（b）发现主要的和中心 元素最终注定为具有相似的独特分子 接受范围彼此相关，并且（c）确定 神经胶质细胞是否参与所有肾小球的发展 在特定物种中。 在任何物种中，这都是确定发展的第一项努力 解剖学上形态发生的过程和机制 鉴定出具有已知功能特异性的嗅觉肾小球。 这 研究有望大大增加对细胞细胞的理解 在功能专业的模块化开发中的相互作用 中枢神经系统中的Neuropil，从而为 对感官发育障碍的理解和治疗 系统。