DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT-SPECIFIC BEHAVIOR IN MANDUCA SEXTA

MANDUCA Sexta 成人特定行为的发展

• 批准号: 3470152
• 负责人: Karen Anne Mesce
• 金额: $ 9.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1994-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3470152
• 关键词: axon; central nervous system; central neural pathway /tract; developmental neurobiology; electrophysiology; ganglions; histology; interneurons; larva; mature animal; metamorphosis; motor neurons; neuroanatomy; neuropsychology; thorax

An important and relatively recent concept has arisen in the neurosciences regarding the functional organization of neural networks and how such systems generate rhythmic behaviors. The salient feature of this concept is that a neural network has the capacity and plasticity to generate various patterned outputs, depending on the specific chemical and/or synaptic inputs the neural network receives. Importantly, the "conservation-modulation" strategy may also be used by the nervous system for the generation of increasingly complex behaviors expressed at later developmental stages. It is thought that the development of adult-specific locomotor behaviors in vertebrates may be based on such a strategy. The proposed research will examine the developing central nervous system of the holometabolus insect, Manduca sexta, where developmental construction of adult behavior appears to be based on the neuromodulation of neural circuitry present at earlier developmental stages. The proposed research will examine the cellular and developmental aspects of neural elements underlying adult ecdysis, a hormonally activated rhythmic behavior that enables the insect to escape from its old cuticle. Previous experiments indicate that the larval ecdysis motor pattern can be un-masked in the adult. Its retention in the adult is thought to contribute to the novel adult-specific ecdysis pattern. By the influence of descending neural activity, in some unknown way, the conserved larval ecdysis pattern-generating circuitry is acted upon to produce adult ecdysis behavior. Preliminary studies indicate that within a group of approximately 15 pairs of descending thoracic neurons, there are modifying interneurons that are necessary for the transformation of the larval ecdysis motor program into the adult-specific one. I propose to: (1) examine the functional role that individual descending interneurons play in the transformation of the larval ecdysis pattern to that of the adult pattern, and (2) examine the developmental history of descending thoracic interneurons, and the anatomical connections these neurons make with the conserved larval circuitry in the adult. Intra- and extracellular electrophysiological methods will be used to study the actions of the descending interneurons on identified ecdysis out-put motoneurons and possibly other interneurons. Various cell tracers will be used to study the anatomy of the descending thoracic interneurons, especially during metamorphic development. This is the first invertebrate model system developed where it is possible to study, at the cellular level, how adult behavior arises from the apparent modulation of a motor program expressed earlier in development.

一个重要且相对较新的概念在 关于神经网络功能组织的神经科学 以及这样的系统如何产生节奏行为。 显着特征 这个概念是神经网络具有能力和可塑性 要产生各种图案的输出，具体取决于特定 化学和/或突触输入神经网络接收。 重要的是，“保护调制”策略也可以由 越来越复杂的行为的神经系统 在后来的发展阶段表达。 据认为 脊椎动物中成人特异性运动行为的发展可能是 基于这样的策略。 拟议的研究将检查发展中心神经系统 甘达·塞克斯塔（Manduca Sexta）的昆虫昆虫的昆虫 成人行为的建设似乎是基于 较早发育处的神经回路的神经调节 阶段。 拟议的研究将检查细胞和 成人束缚的神经元素的发展方面，一个 激活的节奏行为使昆虫能够逃脱 从旧的角质层。 以前的实验表明幼虫 成年人可以将递归运动模式未掩盖。 保留 人们认为成年人有助于新颖的成人特定递归 图案。 在某些神经活动的影响下 未知的方式，保守的幼虫递归图案生成电路 采取行动来产生成人递归行为。 初步研究 表示在大约15对下降的组中 胸神经元，有必要的中间神经元 为了将幼虫递归运动程序转换为 成人特定的一个。 我建议：（1）检查功能作用 个体下降中间神经元在转变中发挥作用 成人模式的幼虫递归模式，（2）检查 下降胸中神经元的发展历史， 这些神经元与保守的幼虫之间的解剖联系 成人的电路。 细胞内电生理学 方法将用于研究降序中间神经元的作用 在已识别的递归中，超出运动神经元，可能是其他 中间神经元。 各种细胞示踪剂将用于研究 下降的胸膜中间神经元，尤其是在变质过程中 发展。 这是开发的第一个无脊椎动物模型系统 可以在细胞水平上研究成人行为的地方 源于先前表达的电动机的明显调制 在开发中。