Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR)

失语症康复研究中心 (C-STAR)

• 批准号: 10617705
• 负责人: JULIUS FRIDRIKSSON
• 金额: $ 245.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10617705
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Anodes; Aphasia; Area; Behavioral; Biography; Brain; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Collaborations; Communication; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Double-Blind Method; Double-blind trial; Drug usage; Education; Elderly; Employment Opportunities; Enrollment; Escitalopram; Family; Financial Support; Friends; Funding; Goals; Health; Impairment; Improve Access; Individual; Language; Language Disorders; Left; Lesion; Life Expectancy; Manuscripts; Maps; Measures; Microvascular Dysfunction; Modeling; Neuropsychology; North America; Outcome; Patients; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Phase I/II Clinical Trial; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Production; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Quality of life; Randomized; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Severities; South Carolina; Speech; Stroke; Survival Rate; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Translating; United States; Universities; Work; Writing; aphasia recovery; brain health; brain tissue; chronic stroke; disability; double-blind placebo controlled trial; improved; improved outcome; language processing; machine learning method; neural; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; outcome prediction; post stroke; programs; response; speech processing; stroke incidence; stroke patient; stroke survivor; stroke-induced aphasia; success; syntax; telerehabilitation; therapy outcome; transcranial direct current stimulation

Summary: Overall section Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States, making it a major public health concern (1). Approximately a quarter of all chronic stroke survivors present with aphasia, a language disorder caused by damage to the speech and language areas of the brain (3, 4). In a recently published report, Simmons-Mackie (1) estimates that over two million people in North America are currently living with aphasia. Stroke is typically thought to affect older persons; however, the incidence of stroke in younger individuals has been steadily increasing (2). In fact, at least half of all stroke patients in the state of South Carolina are under the age of 60 (2). Aphasia can vary in severity from very profound impairment that renders patients mute and without the ability to understand others’ speech, to milder forms where patients have great difficulty retrieving specific words. In the chronic stage of stroke, aphasia has been identified as the strongest predictor of poor quality of life. Aphasia not only influences the ability to communicate with family and friends, but also drastically decreases education and employment opportunities. Although some degree of spontaneous recovery from aphasia is typical in the first weeks and months following stroke, many patients are left with devastating communication problems and never fully recover. To address the need for studies improving long-term outcomes in aphasia, the Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR), funded for just under four years at the time of this application, has made great progress towards understanding the mechanisms that promote spontaneous and therapy-induced recovery in aphasia. The overarching goal of the research proposed in this renewal application is to maintain our focus on aphasia therapy. Specifically, during the next funding phase, the focus of C-STAR is to improve access to aphasia therapy, enhance the effect of behavioral aphasia therapy to promote an improved aphasia therapy outcome, and understand overall health and neurolinguistic factors that influence aphasia recovery. To accomplish our research goals, this project will continue to rely on collaboration among five main investigators: Drs. Julius Fridriksson, Argye Hillis, Leonardo Bonilha, Chris Rorden, and Greg Hickok. Projects led by Fridriksson (chronic patients) and Hillis (acute patients) will continue to focus on factors that may promote improved outcome of aphasia therapy. Both projects have proven successful in yielding a vast, unique dataset including measures of brain status and response to aphasia therapy. Relying on this dataset, Bonilha and Rorden’s project will focus on the relationship between brain health and recovery from aphasia, whereas Hickok will utilize the same data to better understand aphasic impairment in relation to aphasia therapy success as well as new neurolinguistic models of speech and language processing.

摘要：整体部分 中风是美国成人残疾的主要原因，使其成为主要的公共卫生问题（1）。 大约四分之一的所有慢性中风生存均出现，患有失语症，这种语言障碍是由 损害大脑的言语和语言区域（3，4）。在最近发表的报告中 （1）估计北美超过200万人目前患有失语症。中风通常是 被认为会影响老年人；但是，年轻人的中风事件一直在蒸蒸日上 增加（2）。实际上，南卡罗来纳州的所有中风患者中至少有一半的年龄在60岁以下 （2）。失语症的严重程度可能因非常严重的障碍而变化，使患者静音，没有 能够理解他人的言语，对米勒的形式，患者很难取得特定的特定困难 字。在中风的慢性阶段，失语症已被确定为质量差的有力预测指标 生活。失语症不仅会影响与家人和朋友交流的能力，而且还会影响 虽然从某种程度上从 失语症在中风后的头几周和几个月中是典型的，许多患者遭受毁灭性的 沟通问题，永远不会完全康复。 为了满足改善失语症长期结局的研究的需求，失语症研究中心 恢复（C-Star）在本申请时资助不到四年，已经取得了长足的进步 要了解促进促进失语症中赞成和治疗引起的康复的机制。 在此更新应用中提出的研究的总体目标是保持我们对失语症的关注 治疗。具体而言，在下一个资金阶段，C-Star的重点是改善失语症的机会 治疗，增强行为失语症疗法的影响，以促进改善的失语治疗结果， 并了解影响失语症恢复的整体健康和神经语言因素。 为了实现我们的研究目标，该项目将继续依靠五个主要的合作 调查人员：博士。 Julius Fridriksson，Argye Hillis，Leonardo Bonilha，Chris Rorden和Greg Hickok。项目 由Fridriksson（慢性患者）和Hillis（急性患者）领导 促进失语症治疗的改善结果。事实证明，这两个项目都成功地产生了广泛的独特 数据集，包括大脑状况的度量和对失语症的反应。依靠这个数据集，bonilha 罗登（Rorden）的项目将重点介绍大脑健康与失语症恢复之间的关系，而 希科克将利用相同的数据更好地了解与失语疗法有关的失败性障碍 成功以及语音和语言处理的新神经语言模型。