Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation

成瘾和疾病风险加剧中心

• 批准号: 10624495
• 负责人: PETER M. MONTI
• 金额: $ 32.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10624495
• 关键词: Affect; Alcohols; Applications Grants; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Businesses; Cannabis; Carcinogen exposure; Cardiac health; Centers of Research Excellence; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Communities; Databases; Development; Discipline of Nursing; Disease; Doctor of Pharmacy; Doctor of Philosophy; Electronic cigarette; Ensure; Environment; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Extramural Activities; Faculty; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Human Resources; Immune System Diseases; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Infrastructure; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Leadership; Learning; Link; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Manuscripts; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mentors; Mission; Neurosciences; Opioid; Outcome; Oxytocin; Pain; Patients; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Postdoctoral Fellow; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention approach; Psychology; Publications; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Resources; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Management; Role; Scientist; Services; Smoker; Smoking; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Substance of Abuse; Tobacco; Training; Translational Research; Tryptophan; Universities; Work; addiction; arthritic pain; base; biobehavior; cigarette smoking; combustible cigarette; commune; cost effectiveness; cytokine; design; disorder risk; experience; faculty mentor; health disparity; innovation; insight; interest; lung health; microbial; monocyte; multidisciplinary; negative affect; next generation; novel strategies; opioid use disorder; organizational structure; patient population; programs; racial and ethnic disparities; recruit; response; socioeconomics; substance use

Project Summary/Abstract Substance use (SU) negatively affects the risk, management, progression, and outcomes of chronic disease and contributes to socio-economic and racial/ethnic disparities. Prevalence rates of medical conditions among patients with versus those without substance abuse disorders (SUDs) support this thesis. Furthermore, risks are exacerbated among those at risk for or who already have chronic medical conditions, such as people living with HIV. Though linkages between SU and disease are well documented, physiological mechanisms underlying linkages are poorly understood, largely because the literature is based on studies that use cross-sectional designs that do not allow for causal interpretations. Studies using experimental designs are needed to understand mechanisms that link SU and disease and to inform the development of targeted prevention and intervention efforts to reduce risks. We propose to establish a COBRE Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation (CADRE) that will investigate mechanisms whereby SU impacts disease, using a combination of behavioral and physiological laboratory-based approaches across several substances of abuse. CADRE consists of four thematically and technically-linked research projects (RPs) led by an interdisciplinary group of junior faculty. Monnig will examine effects of HIV and alcohol on markers of microbial translocation, monosite activation, cytokine response, tryptophan degradation and MRI measures of inflammation. Haass-Koffler will examine the initial efficacy of oxytocin as a potential pharmacotherapy for OUD targeting stress in opioid relapse. Cioe will study effects of e-cigarettes on combustible cigarette smoking, biomarkers of smoking-related cardiac and pulmonary health, and carcinogen exposure in smokers with HIV. Aston examines effects of cannabis on RA pain, affect, and inflammation, and investigates whether effects of cannabis on pain and affect are mediated via effects of cannabis on inflammatory biomarkers. An Administrative Core will provide organizational structure, state-of-the-art mentoring, a pilot program, support diversity and health disparities work, and lead evaluation. A Clinical Laboratory Core will facilitate goals of the RPs and pilot projects, and benefit the broader Brown community by providing infrastructure and resources in the service of developing and sustaining a multi- disciplinary center. It will maximize efficiency and cost-effectiveness of this COBRE by creating linkages between CADRE RPs and other COBREs, and will create a center-wide data base of risk factors associated with development and progression of SUDs and chronic disease, available to CADRE Project Leaders (PLs) and others engaged in relevant research. PLs and pilot PLs will benefit from interdisciplinary faculty mentors who will provide guidance on research, publication, and grant preparation. The basic tenet of the proposed COBRE CADRE is that innovative interdisciplinary translational research, conducted across multiple levels of analysis, and focused on related questions using common resources and learning experiences, can not only contribute new knowledge, but also serves as the nexus and path toward independence for the next generation of scientists.

项目摘要/摘要 物质使用（SU）对慢性疾病的风险，管理，进展和结果负面影响 有助于社会经济和种族/种族差异。医疗状况的患病率 与没有药物滥用障碍的患者（SUD）支持这一论文。此外，风险是 在有危险或已经患有慢性病的人中，例如与之相处的人 艾滋病病毒。尽管SU与疾病之间的联系有充分的文献记载，但生理机制 链接的理解很少，主要是因为文献是基于使用横截面的研究 不允许因果解释的设计。需要使用实验设计的研究 了解将SU和疾病联系起来的机制，并告知有针对性的预防和 干预措施降低风险。我们建议建立一个成瘾和疾病风险的鞋底中心 加剧（干部）将研究机制，从而使SU使用的机制影响疾病 涉及几种滥用物质的行为和生理实验室方法。干部 由四个主题和技术链接的研究项目（RPS）组成 初级教师。 Monnig将检查艾滋病毒和酒精对微生物易位，单材标记的影响 激活，细胞因子反应，色氨酸降解和炎症的MRI测量。哈斯·科夫勒（Haass-Koffler） 检查催产素作为潜在的药物疗法的初始功效，以靶向阿片类药物复发中的应激。 CIOE将研究电子烟对可燃香烟吸烟的影响，与吸烟有关的心脏标志物 艾滋病毒吸烟者的肺部健康和致癌物暴露。阿斯顿研究大麻对 RA疼痛，影响和炎症，并研究大麻对疼痛和影响的影响是否介导 通过大麻对炎症生物标志物的影响。行政核心将提供组织结构， 最先进的指导，试点计划，支持多样性和健康差异以及领导评估。一个 临床实验室核心将促进RP和试点项目的目标，并使更广泛的棕色受益 通过提供基础设施和资源来服务和维持多种多样的社区 纪律中心。它将通过在之间建立联系 干部RPS和其他Cobres，将创建与风险因素的中心数据库 Cadre项目领导者（PLS）和 其他人从事相关研究。 PLS和PILOT PLS将受益于跨学科的教师导师 将提供有关研究，出版和赠款准备的指导。拟议的毛绒的基本宗旨 干部是跨多个分析的创新跨学科翻译研究， 并专注于使用共同资源和学习经验的相关问题，不仅可以做出贡献 新知识，但也充当下一代科学家的独立性的联系和道路。