Alcohol and HIV: Biobehavioral Interactions and Intervention

酒精和艾滋病毒：生物行为相互作用和干预

• 批准号: 8153138
• 负责人: PETER M. MONTI
• 金额: $ 139.22万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8153138
• 关键词: Alcohol; HIV; Biobehavioral; Interactions; Intervention

Alcohol use contributes to morbidity and mortality associated with HIV in numerous ways including (a) reducing antiretroviral medication adherence and efficacy, (b) contributing to worse virologic outcomes and immune functioning, (c) exacerbating liver dysfunction and hepatitis co-infection, and (d) exacerbating neurocognitive deficits associated with HIV. In addition, alcohol use among both HIV-infected and uninfected individuals is implicated in high-risk sexual behavior that leads to HIV transmission. Given multiple pathways through which alcohol impacts HIV morbidity, mortality and transmission, we propose an integrated, multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach to forward science on alcohol/HIV interactions and inform clinical approaches to caring for people living with HIV and efforts to prevent HIV transmission, both nationally and internationally. The overall aim of this Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center (CARC) is to conduct and disseminate multidisciplinary state-of-the-art research on biobehavioral interactions between alcohol and HIV and on interventions to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected patients and individuals at high risk for HIV transmission. The CARC has 9 integrated parts: an Administrative Core , four Research Components, two Scientific Cores (Virology and Biostatistics), a Pilot Projects Component, and an Education/Dissemination Component that serves as a national resource for training and dissemination. Research activities address overlapping hypotheses regarding key variables (alcohol use, virology, hepatic function, neurocognitive function, use of antiretroviral therapy, and high-risk sexual behavior) and interrelationships among these variables using diverse methodologies (both animal and human research) and populations. These activities provide an integrated body of innovative alcohol/HIV research that can yield far greater total public health impact than any or all of them could if conducted independently. Further, this CARC will serve as the nexus for integration of alcohol/HIV science across proposed components, innovative pilot projects, complementary studies, and with other NIAAA Centers, yielding new insights into interactions between alcohol and HIV and into interventions to reduce drinking among those with HIV and others at risk for transmission.

饮酒以多种方式导致与艾滋病毒相关的发病率和死亡率，包括（a）降低抗逆转录病毒药物的依从性和疗效，（b）导致更差的病毒学结果和免疫功能，（c）加剧肝功能障碍和肝炎合并感染，以及（ d) 加剧与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知缺陷。此外，艾滋病毒感染者和未感染者的饮酒都与导致艾滋病毒传播的高危性行为有关。鉴于酒精影响艾滋病毒发病率、死亡率和传播的多种途径，我们提出了一种综合的、多方面的、跨学科的方法，以推进酒精/艾滋病毒相互作用的科学发展，并为照顾艾滋病毒感染者的临床方法和预防艾滋病毒传播的努力提供信息。国内和国际。该综合酒精研究中心 (CARC) 的总体目标是开展和传播关于酒精和 HIV 之间的生物行为相互作用以及减少 HIV 感染者和高危人群饮酒的干预措施的多学科最先进研究用于艾滋病毒传播。 CARC 有 9 个综合部分：一个行政核心、四个研究部分、两个科学核心（病毒学和生物统计学）、一个试点项目部分和一个作为国家培训和传播资源的教育/传播部分。研究活动使用不同的方法（动物和人类研究）和人群来解决有关关键变量（饮酒、病毒学、肝功能、神经认知功能、抗逆转录病毒治疗的使用和高危性行为）的重叠假设以及这些变量之间的相互关系。这些活动提供了一个综合的创新性酒精/艾滋病毒研究，其对公共健康的总体影响比其中任何一项或全部单独进行的研究都要大得多。此外，该 CARC 将作为酒精/艾滋病毒科学跨拟议组成部分、创新试点项目、补充研究以及与其他 NIAAA 中心整合的纽带，对酒精和艾滋病毒之间的相互作用以及减少饮酒的干预措施产生新的见解。感染艾滋病毒和其他有传播风险的人。