Exploring implementation strategy-mechanisms linkages in evidence-based physical activity and nutrition programs for cancer prevention in Latin America

探索拉丁美洲癌症预防循证体育活动和营养计划的实施策略与机制之间的联系

• 批准号: 10597337
• 负责人: BRYAN J. WEINER
• 金额: $ 21.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-30 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10597337
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Affect; Articulation; Attention; Behavior Therapy; Cancer Control; Consensus; Coupled; Databases; Development; Distal; Effectiveness; Ensure; Evaluation; Evidence based intervention; Evidence based practice; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Individual; Interview; Journals; Knowledge; Latin America; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Physical activity; Procedures; Process; Psychometrics; Public Health; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Science; Scientist; Social Marketing; Specific qualifier value; Techniques; Testing; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Work; cancer care; cancer prevention; care delivery; causal model; evidence base; experience; implementation evaluation; implementation facilitation; implementation measures; implementation outcomes; implementation research; implementation science; implementation strategy; improved; innovation; nutrition; population health; programs; repository; research in practice; searchable database; service delivery; theories; therapy development; user centered design; user-friendly; web site

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a fundamental gap in understanding the causal mechanisms by which strategies for implementing evidence-based practices address local barriers to effective, appropriate service delivery. Continued existence of this gap represents an important problem because, until it is addressed, scientific knowledge and practical guidance about which implementation strategies to use in which contexts will remain elusive. The long-term goal is to develop the evidence base and practical utility of implementation science through mechanisms- focused implementation research. The objective of this application is to overcome critical problems blocking progress in implementation science and practice by identifying plausible strategy-mechanism linkages, developing causal models for mechanism evaluation, producing the measures needed to evaluate such linkages, and making these models, methods, and measures available in a user-friendly website. The rationale is that, once strategy-mechanism linkages are identified, implementation scientists can develop tailored implementation strategies and generate more robust evidence about which strategies work best in which contexts. Moreover, practitioners will be better able to select implementation strategies to address their specific implementation problems. The specific aims are: (1) build a database of strategy-mechanism linkages and associated causal pathway diagrams; (2) develop psychometrically strong, pragmatic measures of mechanisms; and (3) develop and disseminate a website of implementation mechanisms knowledge for use by diverse stakeholders, through the application of iterative user-centered design and social marketing principles. For the first aim, qualitative inquiry, Group Nominal Technique, Delphi methods, and causal diagramming will be used to identify and confirm plausible strategy-mechanism linkages and articulate moderators, preconditions, and proximal and distal outcomes associated with those linkages. For the second aim, rapid- cycle measure development and testing methods will be employed to create reliable, valid, pragmatic measures of six mechanisms for which no high-quality measures exist. For the third aim, we will develop a user-friendly website and searchable database via user-centered design and disseminate those using social marketing principles. This project is innovative because it shifts the current paradigm from evaluating implementation strategy general effectiveness to a mechanisms-informed approach that promises accelerated scientific progress. The proposed research is significant for its potential to vertically advance implementation science by developing micro-theories, methods, and measures for mechanism identification and evaluation. New horizons in implementation strategy development, optimization, evaluation, and deployment are expected to be attainable as a result, which will lead to enhanced implementation of evidence-based interventions for cancer control, and ultimately improvements in patient outcomes.

项目摘要 理解实施策略的因果机制存在根本的差距 循证实践涉及当地障碍，以实现有效，适当的服务提供。继续存在 这一差距代表了一个重要的问题，因为在解决问题之前，科学知识和实用性 指导哪种实施策略在哪些情况下仍然难以捉摸。长期 目标是通过机制来发展实施科学的证据基础和实用性 - 集中的实施研究。该应用程序的目的是克服关键问题阻止 通过确定合理的战略机制联系，实施科学和实践的进展， 开发用于评估机制的因果模型，产生评估所需的措施 链接，并在用户友好的网站中提供这些模型，方法和措施。理由 是，一旦确定了策略机理的联系，实施科学家就可以开发量身定制的 实施策略并为哪些策略最有效，在哪种策略中产生更强大的证据 上下文。此外，从业者将更好地选择实施策略来解决其特定 实施问题。具体目的是：（1）构建一个策略机构链接的数据库和 相关的因果途径图； （2）制定精神法法上的强大，务实的衡量标准 机制； （3）开发和传播实施机制知识的网站以供使用 通过应用以用户为中心的设计和社会营销原则，各种利益相关者。 为了第一个目标，定性查询，群体标称技术，Delphi方法和因果图将于 用于识别和确认合理的策略机制联系和表达主持人， 与这些联系相关的前提以及近端和远端结果。对于第二个目标，快速 循环测量的开发和测试方法将采用可靠，有效，务实的 不存在高质量措施的六种机制的度量。为了第三个目标，我们将发展一个 用户友好的网站和可通过以用户为中心的设计搜索的数据库，并使用社交传播人员 营销原则。该项目具有创新性，因为它使当前的范例转而无法评估 实施策略的一般有效性对有望加速的机制的方法有效 科学进步。拟议的研究对于垂直提高实施的潜力很重要 通过制定微观理论，方法和机制识别和评估的措施。 预计实施战略制定，优化，评估和部署的新视野 结果是可以实现的，这将导致加强基于证据的干预措施的实施 控制癌症，并最终改善患者结局。