Activation, Sensing, and Prevention of Formation of EPFRs in Thermal Treatment of Superfund Wastes

超级基金废物热处理中 EPFR 的激活、传感和形成预防

• 批准号: 10576463
• 负责人: Slawo M Lomnicki
• 金额: $ 24.56万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10576463
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Affect; Air; Alveolar; Anions; Biological; Biological Models; Blood; Cardiac health; Cardiopulmonary; Chemicals; Collaborations; Color; Communities; Complex; Computing Methodologies; Copper; Detection; Development; Devices; Electronics; Ensure; Environment; Foundations; Free Radical Formation; Free Radicals; Furans; Gases; Generations; Goals; Hazardous Waste; Health; Hydrolysis; Hydroxyl Radical; In Situ; Ionic Strengths; Iron; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Measurement; Medial; Metals; Methods; Methylene blue; Modeling; Nickel; Oxidation-Reduction; Particulate Matter; Population; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Property; Protons; Pump; Reaction; Research; Sampling; Sensory; Serum; Signal Recognition Particle; Soil; Spectrometry; Study models; Sulfides; Sulfur Compounds; Superfund; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxicity Tests; Visible Radiation; Work; Zinc; absorption; airway surface liquid; aqueous; biological systems; detection method; dibenzo(1,4)dioxin; diphenyl; electron density; experimental study; particle; pollutant; portability; prevent; rapid detection; remediation; respiratory health; sensor; superfund site; technology development; timeline; tool; treatment site; wasting

Project Summary/Abstract: Project 4 Thermal treatment of hazardous waste including Superfund Site wastes and soils leads to the formation of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) associated with emitted particulate matter (PM). Many metals such as copper, iron, zinc or nickel present in PM form EPFRs with varying yields and different degrees of stabilization and persistency. Such EPFR entities were shown to be potentially a primary factor causing the observed cardiopulmonary health effects in exposed populations. Our studies of model systems containing particles with single metal speciation and associated EPFRs has allowed for significant advancement in understanding the formation mechanism of EPFRs as well as the respiratory and cardiac health effects resulting from EPFR exposure. The central hypothesis of Project 4 is that the formation of EPFRs and their biological activation and their propensity to undergo catalytic cycle, producing •OH, is defined by the constituents of PM and physico-chemical properties of the media (media pH, ionic strength, and polarity) accelerate or prevent EPFR activation. Major scientific questions explored by Project 4 include 1) how does the persistent EPFR in ambient air transform to very active, redox cycling species in biological systems and 2) can the reactivity of EPFRs be exploited as a means to prevent or control EPFR formation and their detection? Project 4 takes a systematic approach to address these questions, starting with defining the mechanism by which EPFRs transition from persistent radicals to reactive species generating ·OH (i.e., activation). A bottom- up approach is used in the studies; results obtained from laboratory-made samples with simple composition will be compared and evaluated against more complex combustion-generated EPFRs and, finally, field- collected EPFRs. Capitalizing on the results from previous studies, we propose a method for EPFR prevention formation that will be studied in detail. This method is based on the “in situ” deactivation of the metal centers in thermal treatment (TT) facilities, thus effectively blocking the EPFR emissions. The field sensor development is based on EPFR propensity to generate hydroxyl radicals and is based on the visible light absorption by sensory solution. The results of these studies will provide a basis for technology development to control the emission of EPFRs during TT of Superfund sites materials and to develop devices for simple and fast detection and measurement of EPFRs in field.

项目摘要/摘要：项目4 危险废物的热处理包括超级基金地点废物和土壤导致形成 与发射颗粒物（PM）相关的环境持续的自由基（EPFR）。许多金属 例如，铜，铁，锌或镍在PM形式的EPFR中以不同的产量和不同程度的 稳定和持久性。此类EPFR实体被证明是导致的主要因素 观察到的裸露人群的心肺健康影响。我们对包含模型系统的研究 具有单金属规范和相关EPFR的颗粒允许在 了解EPFR的形成机制以及呼吸和心脏健康效应 由EPFR暴露导致。项目4的核心假设是EPFR及其的形成 生物激活及其承诺经历催化循环的承诺，产生•OH，由 PM的成分和培养基的物理化学特性（培养基，离子强度和极性） 加速或防止EPFR激活。项目4探讨的主要科学问题包括1） 环境空气中持续的EPFR转换为生物系统中非常活跃的氧化还原循环物种，2） EPFR的反应性被探讨为预防或控制EPFR形成及其检测的一种手段？ 项目4采用系统的方法来解决这些问题，首先要定义机制 EPFR从持续的自由基转变为产生·OH的反应性物种（即激活）。底部 - 在研究中使用了UP方法；从具有简单组成的实验室制造样品获得的结果 将对更复杂的组合生成的EPFR进行比较和评估，最后， 收集的EPFR。利用先前研究的结果，我们提出了一种预防EPFR的方法 将详细研究的编队。该方法基于金属中心的“原位”停用 热处理（TT）设施，因此有效地阻断了EPFR排放。现场传感器的开发是 基于EPFR改善以产生羟基自由基，并基于可见的光滥用 感觉解决方案。这些研究的结果将为技术开发提供基础 在超级基金站点材料的TT期间的EPFR排放，并开发设备以进行简单而快速检测 和现场EPFR的测量。