Core C: Materials Core

核心C：材料核心

基本信息

批准号：
8659469
负责人：
Slawo M Lomnicki
金额：
$ 19.06万
依托单位：
LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8659469
关键词：
Benzene Binding Chemicals Collaborations Copper Custom Deposition Devices Dose Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Electron Transport Environment Environmental Health Experimental Designs Faculty Free Radical Formation Free Radicals Generations Goals Hazardous Chemicals Hazardous Substances In Situ Laboratories Metals Methods Molecular Morphology Nature Oxides Particle Size Particulate Particulate Matter Phenols Process Property Publications Reaction Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Roentgen Rays Sampling Silicon Dioxide Soil Soot Soot particle Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Superfund Surface System Techniques Temperature Testing Time Transition Elements Ultrafine Vacuum chemical property design dibenzo(1,4)dioxin dibenzofuran experience innovation interest iron oxide member metal oxide monolayer oxidation particle physical property pollutant pollutant interaction research study ultrafine particle wasting

项目摘要

The Materials Core provides samples of well-characterized Superfund-related particles and surrogates designed to test specific research hypotheses for study by the 6 research projects. The Core was constructed to assist in the study of the health and environmental effects of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) associated with transition metal-containing particulate matter (PM). Our researchers have discovered EPFRs are formed by chemisorption of aromatic chlorinated benzenes, chlorinated phenols, and other types of phenols to metal oxides, followed by electron transfer that reduces the metal and forms the EPFR. These EPFRs can persist in the environment and are biologically active. At high concentrations in combustion and thermal processing systems, they also self-react to form new pollutants such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Because fine particles and ultrafine particles have high surface-to-volume ratios and increased reactivity due to unsatisfied valences, they may be particularly prone to EPFR formation. The Core has developed facilities and techniques to synthesize: i) fine and ultrafine particles of silica coated with a monolayer of transition metals such as copper oxide and iron oxide; ii) fine and ultrafine silica particles containing size-controlled nanodomains of the same transition metals; iii) ultrafine particles of pure copper and iron oxides; iv) any of these particles with associated environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs); and v) appropriate control samples. The Core has also established the capabilities to characterize field samples from contaminated Superfund soils and particulate emissions of devices for thermal treatment of hazardous substances for EPFRs using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and molecular precursors using GC-MS and other standard laboratory techniques. The Core has developed systematic approaches for receiving sample requests, establishing chain of custody, and storing particles under vacuum where they will not degrade prior to use. The Core Director has a record of successful collaborations with each of the Project Leaders over the past 5 years, leading to multiple publications.

材料核心提供了良好的超级基金相关颗粒和替代物的样本，旨在测试6个研究项目的特定研究假设。构建了核心，以协助研究与含有过渡金属的颗粒物（PM）相关的环境持续自由基（EPFR）的健康和环境影响。我们的研究人员发现，EPFR是通过芳香族氯化苯，氯化苯酚和其他类型的苯酚的化学吸附形成的，然后是电子转移，从而减少了金属并形成EPFR。这些EPFR可以在环境中持续存在，并且具有生物活性。在燃烧和热加工系统的高浓度下，它们还会自动反应形成新的污染物，例如多氯联苯二苯二氧蛋白和Dibenzofurans。由于细颗粒和超细颗粒具有高的表面与体积比，并且由于不满意的价而引起的反应性增加，因此它们可能特别容易出现EPFR形成。核心已经开发了合成的设施和技术：i）涂有过渡金属的单层（例如铜氧化物和氧化铁）的二氧化硅的细和超细颗粒； ii）含有相同过渡金属的尺寸控制的纳米域的细和超铁二氧化硅颗粒； iii）纯铜和氧化铁的超铁颗粒； iv）这些颗粒中的任何一个具有相关环境持续的自由基（EPFR）； v）适当的对照样品。该核心还建立了表征来自受污染的超级基金土壤的现场样品和设备的颗粒物排放的能力使用GC-MS和其他标准实验室技术的共振（EPR）光谱和分子前体。核心已经开发了系统的方法，用于接收样品请求，建立监护链并在真空下存储颗粒，在使用之前不会降解。在过去的5年中，核心主任与每个项目负责人都有成功合作的记录，从而导致了多个出版物。