Family processes underlying adolescent substance use and conduct problems: disentangling correlation and causation

青少年物质使用和行为问题背后的家庭过程：理清相关性和因果关系

• 批准号: 10577848
• 负责人: William Ellerbe Pelham III
• 金额: $ 19.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10577848
• 关键词: 10 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Attention; Brain; Child Rearing; Chronic; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Collection; Development; Dizygotic Twins; Dose; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Family Process; Genes; Genetic; Incidence; Intervention; Knowledge; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Meta-Analysis; Modeling; Monozygotic twins; Outcome; Parents; Population; Predisposition; Prevention program; Preventive; Problem behavior; Process; Psychopathology; Publishing; Race; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Science; Severities; Siblings; Site; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Models; Substance abuse problem; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Youth; adolescent substance abuse; adolescent substance use; cohort; conduct problem; design; effective intervention; improved; individual variation; innovation; intervention effect; offspring; parental monitoring; population based; precision medicine; prevent; programs; prospective; protective factors; recruit; response; sex; substance use; treatment program

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT During adolescence, substance abuse and conduct problems are co-occurring and mutually reinforcing problems with significant acute and long-term burden to adolescents, their families, and society. Family-based treatments and prevention programs can reduce their incidence, but these interventions are limited in the size, duration, and scope of effects and can be cumbersome to implement. One factor limiting the refinement of these existing interventions is the difficulty of conducting rigorous science about the specific causal effects of the family factors that are targeted as mechanisms of change. Factors such as parental monitoring, parental warmth, and family conflict covary with each other as well as many other variables (e.g., genes, socioeconomic status, living environment, parent psychopathology), so it is difficult to isolate their unique impacts on adolescent outcomes from the larger causal network of risk factors. This proposal pursues a causally grounded, mechanistic approach to disentangle the impacts of family processes and characterize how they vary by the severity, chronicity, and developmental timing of exposure at the population level. We draw data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive DevelopmentSM (ABCD) Study—a diverse, longitudinal, nationwide, population-based cohort of 11,880 youth ages 9/10 years old followed prospectively until ages 19-20, with simultaneous measurement of many intercorrelated aspects of development at biannual assessments throughout. We will attempt to isolate the effects of parental monitoring, parental warmth, and family conflict from other influences using three distinct, and complementary approaches: (A) a between-subjects approach using marginal structural models; (B) a within-subjects approach using the fixed effects panel estimator; (C) a twin/sibling discordancy approach using 336+ pairs of monozygotic twins, 430+ pairs of dizygotic twins, and 1,805 non-twin siblings. We pursue four specific aims. Aim 1: Determine the causal impacts of three family processes—parental monitoring, parental warmth, and family conflict—on proximal adolescent substance abuse and conduct problems between ages 11 to 18 years. Aim 2: Determine whether the effects of the family processes vary by youth sex, racial/ethnic identification, or predisposition to substance abuse and conduct problems. Aim 3: Determine whether the effects of three family processes vary by severity, chronicity, or developmental timing of exposure. Altogether, this research will yield a more scientifically accurate developmental psychopathology of adolescent substance abuse and delinquency and thereby inform the design, refinement, and personalization of family-based interventions to reduce the incidence of these problems at the population level.

项目摘要/摘要 在青少年期间，滥用药物和行为问题是共同发生的和相互加强的 对青少年，家人和社会的急性和长期伯恩的巨大和长期伯恩的问题。基于家庭 治疗和预防计划可以减少事件，但这些干预措施的规模有限， 持续时间和效果范围，可能很麻烦。限制完善的一个因素 这些现有的干预措施很难进行严格的科学，以了解 作为变化机制的家庭因素。父母监测，父母等因素 温暖和家庭冲突彼此之间以及许多其他变量（例如，基因，社会经济 地位，生活环境，父母心理病理学），因此很难隔离它们的独特影响 较大的因果关系网络的青少年结果。该提议追求因果关系 基础，机械方法来解开家庭流程的影响并表征他们的影响 因严重程度，慢性和在人口水平上发展暴露时机而有所不同。我们绘制数据 从青春期的大脑和认知发展（ABCD）研究中，一项潜水员，纵向，全国 基于人群的11,880名9/10岁的年轻人前景遵循直到19-20岁的人群 在双年度评估中简单地测量许多相关方面的发展方面 自始至终。我们将尝试隔离父母监测，父母温暖和家庭冲突的影响 使用其他三种不同和完整的方法来自其他影响：（a）主题间方法 使用边缘结构模型； （b）使用固定效应面板估计器的受试者内部方法； （c）a 双胞胎/兄弟姐妹不和谐方法使用336多对单卵双胞胎，430多对二氮化双胞胎和 1,805个非双胞胎兄弟姐妹。我们追求四个具体目标。目标1：确定三个家庭的因果影响 过程 - 父母监测，父母的温暖和家庭冲突 - 在近端青少年底物 虐待和造成11至18岁之间的问题。目标2：确定家庭的影响是否 过程因青年性别，种族/种族认同或对药物滥用和行为的倾向而异 问题。目标3：确定三个家庭过程的影响是否因严重性，慢性或 发展暴露时间。总之，这项研究将产生更科学的准确性 青少年药物滥用和犯罪的发展心理病理学，从而告知 设计，改进和个性化基于家庭的干预措施以减少这些事件 人口水平的问题。