Development of the Human Dynamic Neurochemical Connectome Scanner

人体动态神经化学连接组扫描仪的开发

• 批准号: 10267674
• 负责人: Ciprian Catana
• 金额: $ 144.1万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-21 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10267674
• 关键词: Address; Algorithms; Area; BRAIN initiative; Brain; Brain imaging; Categories; Cell Nucleus; Central Nervous System Diseases; Characteristics; Cognition; Collaborations; Computer software; Data; Development; Devices; Disease; Dopamine Receptor; Elements; Event; Floods; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Geometry; Goals; Hand; Head; Human; Image; Link; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mechanics; Molecular; Molecular Target; Noise; Performance; Peripheral; Pharmacology; Photons; Physiology; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Quality Control; Receptor Signaling; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Running; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Work; cognitive process; connectome; data acquisition; desensitization; design; detector; experimental study; glucose metabolism; healthy volunteer; hemodynamics; human subject; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; infancy; insight; magnetic field; neurochemistry; neuropsychiatry; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; next generation; novel; prototype; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement; visual stimulus

Project Summary We seek support to develop and build the next generation 7-Tesla magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible positron emission tomography (PET) brain scanner with dramatically improved spatiotemporal resolution (HSTR-BrainPET). PET and MRI are two of the most powerful imaging modalities currently in use for studying the human brain. Recently, scanners capable of simultaneous PET and MR whole-body data acquisition in human subjects have become commercially available. However, there is no equivalent dedicated head device on the market to address the needs of the researchers and clinicians focusing on the brain and the performance of whole-body devices is rather limited for this purpose. More importantly, although current PET technology achieves high molecular sensitivity with a broad set of probes for neurochemical targets, PET still lacks the capability to track dynamic changes in a time scale comparable to functional processes. Our main goal is to build an MR-compatible PET camera with very high sensitivity to enable truly dynamic PET imaging of brain neurotransmission. One of the first MR-compatible brain PET prototypes was installed at the Martinos Center in 2008 when human PET/MR imaging was in its infancy. Following a close collaboration with Siemens to address the remaining technical challenges, proof-of-principle PET/MR studies demonstrating the advantages and potential of this novel imaging modality were performed. A decade later, a new type of photon detector technology has reached a level of maturity that would allow us to build the next generation integrated system with dramatically improved spatiotemporal resolution. We propose to address the hardware and software challenges in building 7-T MR-compatible PET technology purpose-built to extend the temporal window of PET down to just a few seconds. Additionally, the substantial improvement in spatial resolution will also allow for imaging of cortical substructures and nuclei that cannot be resolved with current state-of-the-art devices. Specifically, we propose to: (1) Build the hardware components of the HSTR-BrainPET insert, integrate it with the 7-T MR scanner and characterize the combined device; (2) Implement the software for PET data acquisition, processing and image reconstruction adapted to the non-conventional geometry we are proposing; (3) Apply the integrated scanner to dynamic assessment of neurochemical events and brain activation in healthy human subjects. !

项目摘要 我们寻求支持并建立下一代7-TESLA磁共振（MR）合并 正电子发射断层扫描（PET）脑扫描仪，具有大大改善的时空分辨率 （HSTR-BRAINPET）。 PET和MRI是目前正在使用的最强大的成像方式 人脑。最近，扫描仪能够同时进行PET和MR全身数据获取 人类受试者已成为商业上可用的。但是，没有等效的专用头设备 在市场上满足研究人员和临床医生的需求，专注于大脑和 为此，全身设备的性能相当有限。更重要的是，尽管目前的宠物 技术通过针对神经化学靶标的广泛探针实现高分子灵敏度，PET仍然 缺乏跟踪与功能过程相当的时间尺度中动态变化的能力。我们的主要 目标是建造具有非常高灵敏度的MR兼容宠物相机，以实现真正的动态宠物成像 脑神经传递马蒂诺斯安装了第一个MR兼容的脑宠物原型之一 2008年，人类宠物/MR成像处于起步阶段。与西门子进行了密切合作之后 为了应对剩余的技术挑战，原理证明宠物/MR研究证明了 进行了这种新型成像方式的优势和潜力。十年后，一种新型的光子 探测器技术已达到成熟水平，使我们能够构建下一代的整合 具有大大改善时空分辨率的系统。我们建议解决硬件和 软件在建造7-T MR兼容的PET技术方面构建的挑战以扩展时间范围 宠物的窗户只有几秒钟。此外，空间分辨率的实质性改善将 还允许对无法通过当前的最新作品解决的皮质亚结构和核进行成像 设备。具体来说，我们建议：（1）构建Hstr-Brainpet插入的硬件组件， 将其与7-T MR扫描仪集成在一起，并表征组合设备； （2）实施PET的软件 适应非规定几何形状的数据采集，处理和图像重建我们是 提议； （3）将综合扫描仪应用于神经化学事件和大脑​​的动态评估 在健康的人类受试者中激活。 呢