MR-assisted PET data optimization for neuroimaging studies

用于神经影像研究的 MR 辅助 PET 数据优化

• 批准号: 8601071
• 负责人: Ciprian Catana
• 金额: $ 62.26万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8601071
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Bone Tissue; Brain; Brain Pathology; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Collection; Complex; Data; Data Quality; Databases; Development; Disease; Disease Progression; Gamma Rays; Glucose; Goals; Head; Head Movements; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Joints; Kinetics; Label; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Neurologic; Outcome; Patients; Performance; Perfusion; Photons; Physiological; Positron-Emission Tomography; Predictive Value; Protocols documentation; Reproducibility; Research; Resolution; Sample Size; Scanning; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic Agents; Time; Tissues; Tracer; Training; Translating; Water; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; attenuation; base; bone imaging; data acquisition; detector; healthy volunteer; human subject; imaging modality; improved; in vivo; minimally invasive; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; new technology; novel; novel therapeutics; patient population; public health relevance; radiotracer; transmission process; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are two of the most powerful imaging modalities currently in use for neurological studies. Recently, scanners capable of simultaneous PET and MR data acquisition in human subjects have become a reality and this new technology opens up possibilities impossible to realize using sequentially acquired data. One such example is using the MR data for improving the performance of the PET scanner. While PET as a technique has many advantages, including the fact that it could potentially provide a quantitative means to assess in vivo biological processes, the accuracy of the PET measurements is confounded by several factors. For example, attenuation and scatter correction have to be performed to account for the interactions of the gamma-ray photons in the subject before reaching the detectors; motion correction has to be applied to avoid the degradation of the images due to involuntary head movements; partial volume effect correction is required due to the relatively limited spatial resolution; the radiotracer arterial input function is required for kinetic modeling. The spatially and temporally correlated MR data acquired simultaneously offer the unique opportunity to correct for these confounding effects and improve the reliability and reproducibility of the PET estimates. Although many neurological applications could benefit from these methodological improvements, in this proposal we are focusing on Alzheimer's disease (AD) for demonstrating the potential of improved MR-PET quantification. MRI and PET are widely used and provide largely complementary information in assessment of AD patients. Equally important, AD is a great test situation for the development of MR-PET because the confounding factors mentioned above are especially important in this patient population and are a substantial limitation of existing PET research. Specifically, we will: (1) Develop and validate an accurate MR-based head attenuation correction method. We hypothesize that using novel sequences for imaging the bone tissue and improved methods for combining these with high resolution anatomical MR, head attenuation maps more accurate than those obtained from segmented CT can be obtained; (2) Improve the quantification of PET data using the simultaneously acquired MR data. We hypothesize that the temporally and spatially correlated MR data will allow us to improve the reliability of the PET data by performing motion and partial volume effect corrections and estimating the radiotracer arterial input function; (3) Evaluate the added value of MR-optimized PET measurements as biomarkers of disease progression in AD. We hypothesize that the effect size of PET differences would be increased and the variability in PET measurements would be decreased after MR-optimization.

描述（由申请人提供）：正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和磁共振成像（MRI）是当前用于神经学研究的两种最强大的成像方式。最近，能够在人类受试者中同时宠物和MR数据获取的扫描仪已成为现实，而这项新技术为使用依次获得的数据提供了无法实现的可能性。一个这样的例子是使用MR数据来改善PET扫描仪的性能。尽管PET作为一种技术具有许多优势，其中包括它可能提供了评估体内生物学过程的定量方法的事实，但PET测量的准确性被多个因素混淆了。例如，必须在到达检测器之前进行衰减和散射校正以说明受试者中伽马射线光子的相互作用。必须采用运动校正以避免由于非自愿头部运动而导致图像的降解；由于空间分辨率相对有限，需要进行部分体积效应校正。动力学模型需要放射性动脉输入功能。在空间上 同时获得的时间相关的MR数据提供了独特的机会，可以纠正这些混杂效应，并提高PET估计的可靠性和可重复性。尽管许多神经系统应用可以从这些方法上的改进中受益，但在这项提案中，我们着重于阿尔茨海默氏病（AD），以证明改善MR-PET定量的潜力。 MRI和PET被广泛使用，并在评估AD患者的评估中提供了很大的互补信息。同样重要的是，AD是MR-PET发展的一个很好的测试情况，因为上述混杂因素在该患者人群中尤其重要，并且是现有PET研究的实质性限制。具体而言，我们将：（1）开发和验证一种基于MR的头部衰减校正方法。我们假设使用新型序列对骨组织进行成像和改进的方法将它们与高分辨率解剖学MR，头部衰减图相结合比从分段CT获得的更精确的方法。 （2）使用同时获得的MR数据改进PET数据的量化。我们假设在时间和空间上相关的MR数据将使我们能够通过进行运动和部分体积效应校正并估算放射性动脉动脉输入功能来提高PET数据的可靠性； （3）评估附加值 MR优化的PET测量作为AD中疾病进展的生物标志物。我们假设宠物差异的效果大小将增加，而在MR选后，PET测量的变异性将降低。