Emotions are emergent events constrained by affective and conceptual processes.

情绪是受情感和概念过程约束的突发事件。

• 批准号: 7885855
• 负责人: Lisa Feldman Barrett
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: BOSTON COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-20 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7885855
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adherence; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Anger; Animal Model; Animals; Anthropology; Anxiety; Applications Grants; Area; Attention; Award; Awareness; Balsams; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Medicine; Binocular rivalry; Biological; Birth; Boston; Brain; Brain Stem; Brain imaging; Buffers; Categories; Characteristics; Child; Chronic stress; Clinical; Cocaine Abuse; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Collaborations; Complex; Concept Formation; Conscious; Data; Decision Making; Depressed mood; Detection; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Dopamine; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Epigenetic Process; Event; Evolution; Exclusion Criteria; Experimental Designs; Explosion; Face; Facial Muscles; Feeling; Fibrinogen; Freedom; Freezing; Frequencies; Fright; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; General Hospitals; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Grant Review Process; Habits; Happiness; Health; Health Personnel; Health Professional; Hearing; Heart Diseases; Heterogeneity; Homeostasis; Human; Imaging Techniques; Indiana; Individual; Individual Differences; Instinct; Intelligence; International; Introversion; Intuition; Jordan; Journals; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Learning; Left; Life; Linguistics; Link; Literature; Maintenance; Maps; Massachusetts; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Medical; Memory; Mental disorders; Methods; Midbrain structure; Mind; Modeling; Motivation; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute of Mental Health; National Research Council; Nature; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Neurotic Disorders; New Jersey; Newborn Infant; Output; Pain; Paper; Parents; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral Nervous System; Personality; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Philosophy; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Plague; Plant Roots; Play; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Prefrontal Cortex; Price; Primates; Process; Psyche structure; Psychiatry; Psychologist; Psychology; Psychophysiology; Psychotherapy; Publishing; Pulvinar structure; REM Sleep; Rattus; Reading; Recovery; Reflex action; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Review Literature; Rewards; Role; Route; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sensory; Sensory Process; Series; Shapes; Shock; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Socialization; Societies; Solutions; Sorting - Cell Movement; Speed; Staging; Stereotyping; Stress; Structure; Students; Sum; System; Temperament; Thinking; Time; Training; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Variant; Visual; Work; Writing; abstracting; area striata; attentional modulation; basal forebrain; base; behavior change; brain behavior; career; classical conditioning; cognitive neuroscience; college; comparative; contextual factors; displeasure; experience; flexibility; foot; handbook; indexing; innovation; insight; instrument; intergenerational; mathematical model; medical schools; meetings; member; memory process; neural circuit; neural patterning; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; physical conditioning; pleasure; pressure; professor; programs; psychologic; psychological distress; relating to nervous system; research study; response; satisfaction; segregation; skills; social; species difference; theories; transmission process; virtual; visual process; visual processing

Abstract Emotional states are central to mental and physical health. NIH invests tremendous resources in research on emotion, much of it devoted to animal models. Ironically, this research is guided by a scientific paradigm that is grounded in human experience. People experience fear and see it in others, so scientists assume there must be a literal (modular) neural circuit for fear in the mammalian brain. Rats freeze when they hear a tone paired with a foot shock, so they are presumed to be in a state of fear (versus surprise, anger, or even a general state of alarm) and undergoing fear learning. Scientists also presume that a map of the neural circuitry of freezing behavior will yield a neural mechanism for fear that is largely preserved in humans, and a decade of neuroimaging studies have focused on locating a homologous neural circuit in the human brain. In the last five years, I have traced the roots of this natural kind model, conducted a comprehensive review of the literature to examine its veracity, and found it wanting (Barrett, 2006a).1 In response, I have fashioned a new systems-level model, called the Conceptual Act Model, grounded in the neuroanatomy of the human brain. My model parsimoniously incorporates neuroscience findings from rats, primates, and humans, and explains the mechanisms that produce the range and variety of behavioral and introspective instances that we call emotion (Barrett, b, c; Barrett, Mesquita, Ochsner, & Gross, 2007; Barrett, Ochsner, & Gross, 2007; Duncan & Barrett, 2007). The Conceptual Act Model asks different  and perhaps better  questions about what emotions are and how they function in mental and physical health. The NIH Director's Pioneer Award will allow me the intellectual freedom and resources to continue building evidence for the Conceptual Act Model of emotion, thereby shaping a new paradigm to guide the scientific study of emotion.

抽象的 情绪状态对于身心健康是核心。 NIH投资 关于情绪的研究的巨大资源，其中大部分专门用于动物模型。 具有讽刺意味的是，这项研究是由基于人类的科学范式的指导 经验。人们经历恐惧并在别人中看到它，因此科学家认为 在哺乳动物大脑中恐惧，必须是字面的（模块化）神经回路。大鼠冻结 当他们听到音调和脚部冲击配对时，因此假定他们处于 恐惧（与惊喜，愤怒，甚至是一般震惊的状态）和遭受恐惧 学习。 将产生一种神经机制，因为恐惧在很大程度上保存在人类中，十年 神经影像学研究的重点是在 人脑。 在过去的五年中，我追踪了这种自然模型的根源， 对文献进行了全面的审查，以研究其真实性，并发现它 想要（Barrett，2006a）.1回应，我塑造了一种新的系统级模型， 称为概念性ACT模型，基于人脑的神经解剖学。我的 模型的模型将大鼠，灵长类动物和 人类，并解释产生行为范围和种类的机制 和我们称为情感的内省实例（Barrett，B，C； Barrett，Mesquita， Ochsner和Gross，2007年； Barrett，Ochsner和Gross，2007年； Duncan＆Barrett，2007年）。 概念行为模型提出了不同的问题，甚至更好的问题 情绪以及它们如何在身心健康中发挥作用。 NIH导演 先锋奖将使我能够继续建立知识自由和资源 情感概念行为模型的证据，从而将新的范式塑造为 指导情绪的科学研究。